How to use EiBi frequency lists. ================================ OVERVIEW A) Conditions of use. B) How to use. C) Available formats. D) Codes used. ================================ A) Conditions of use. All my frequency lists are free of cost, and any person is absolutely free to download, use, copy, or distribute these files or to use them within third-party software. Should any mistake, omission or misinformation be found in my lists, please send your helpful comment to Eike.Bierwirth (at) yandex.com [replace the "(at)" by the @ sign] Sources used to compile the files: - HFCC public data, found at http://www.hfcc.org/ - Station schedules published on their own website or printed materials - Station schedules and observations distributed on mailing lists A-DX, DXLD, hard-core-dx, radioescutas, open_dx - Glenn Hauser's DX Listening Digest, found at http://www.w4uvh.net/dxlatest.txt - Wolfgang Büschel's Worldwide DX Club Top News, found at http://www.wwdxc.de/topnews.htm - Numbers & Oddities newsletters, found at http://www.numbersoddities.nl/newsletters.html - Own observations at home, on travel, and on remote Perseus receivers - In a few cases, Nagoya DX Circle's Bi Newsletter AOKI List, http://www1.s2.starcat.ne.jp/ndxc/ and http://www1.s2.starcat.ne.jp/ndxc/is/bi.txt - Monitoring websites http://rri.jpn.org// and http://www.mcdxt.it/LASWLOGS.html - The licensing authority of Brazil, searchable at http://sistemas.anatel.gov.br/siscom/consplanobasico/default.asp B) How to use. I) Try to identify a signal on the radio: You will need to know the frequency you tuned to in kHz, and the time of the reception in UTC. Search for the frequency in the list. Check all entries for this frequency: - The listening time should fall inbetween the start and end times given for the broadcast. - The day of the week should match. (If none is given in the list, the broadcast is daily.) - Try to guess the language you hear, if you don't know it. - Try to estimate the probability of propagation. The last column gives you information about the transmitter site (if not, the transmitter is in the home country of the station.) The target-area code should give you a clue if the signal is beamed in your direction or not. If you are right in the target area, great. If you are "behind" it (from the transmitter's point of view) or inbetween, your chances are also good. If the line connecting transmitter and target area is perpendicular to the line connecting the transmitter to your location, chances are lower. They are also lower if the target area is very close to the transmitter, while you are far away. Still, all rules can be turned upside-down by propagation conditions. You might sit in a good direction but the waves may skip 80 kilometers above you in the ionosphere. Listed information may be wrong, misleading, or outdated. Transmitters may fail, be upgraded, or drift in frequency. Transmitter sites may change (for example, fire in the control room, hurricane tore the antenna down, and transmissions have all been redirected to the Bonaire transmitter). Broadcasters and transmitter operators may mix up programmes or tune to the wrong frequency. My lists will be useful for fast identification of many stations on the band, but in a number of cases it will be of no use to you or it may bring you to a wrong conclusion. NO WARRANTY in case of a wrong ID, an embarrasingly wrong log or reception report sent out etc. The ONLY 100% ID is that which you hear on the radio yourself. Even QSLs may be wrong. II) Find a broadcast you would like to hear: Make extensive use of the SEARCH and SORT functions of the computer programme which you use. For text-format files I use TextPad, a freely downloadable text editor. Software has been written by very nice colleages of us to display the files in a more convenient manner, namely: ShortwaveLog, by Robert Sillett, N3OEA, which you can find on http://www.shortwavelog.com/ RadioExplorer, by Dmitry Nefedov, Russia, which you can find on http://www.radioexplorer.com.ru/ EiBiView, by Tobias Taufer, hosted on my website, real-time browsing! GuindaSoft Lister, freely downloadable from http://guindasoft.impreseweb.com/utile/utile.html Click on the column headers to sort first by time, then by language or station or however you wish. Try it out. Not to forget the software of the PERSEUS receiver. C) Available formats. Since B06, the fundamental database is a CSV semicolon-separated list that contains all the broadcasts relevant during the season, even if only for part of it. A program script is used to transfer these data into the frequency-sorted and the time-sorted text file. These two are the ones that exclusively contain the currently valid data (current at the time of creation which is given at the top of the file). Naming of files is sked-Xzz.csv for the CSV database, load this into EiBiView; freq-Xzz.txt for the frequency-sorted text file; bc-Xzz.txt for the time-sorted text file; where Xzz stands for the current broadcasting season: X=A: Summer season X=B: Winter season zz: Two-character number for the year. E.g., A99: Summer season 1999 B06: Winter season 2006/2007. The change from A to B or from B to A usually coincides with the change of clock to or from Daylight Saving Time / Summer Time in many parts of the world. The U.S.A., however, decided to use Daylight Saving Time for an even longer period, beginning in 2007. A file called eibi.txt is the same as the freq file, copy this into your Perseus directory to view the EiBi entries in that receiver's software. Format of the CSV database (sked-): The entries are separated by semicolons (;), so each line has to contain ten semicolons - not more, not less. Entry #1 (float between 10 and 30000): Frequency in kHz Entry #2 (9-character string): Start and end time, UTC, as two '(I04)' numbers separated by a '-' Entry #3 (string of up to 5 characters): Days of operation, or some special comments: Mo,Tu,We,Th,Fr,Sa,Su - Days of the week 1245 - Days of the week, 1=Monday etc. (this example is "Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday") Note: Vatican Radio counts major Catholic holidays as "Sunday" irr - Irregular operation alt - Alternative frequency, not usually in use altFr - Alternating Fridays etc. Ram - Ramadan special schedule Haj - Special broadcast for the Haj 15Sep - Broadcast only on 15 September tent - Tentatively, please check and report your observations test - Test operation, may cease at any time HBF - Hornbill Festival, Nagaland, India - first week of December MF-15 - Monday through Friday, but only up the 15th day of each month Entry #4 (string up to 3 characters): ITU code (see below) of the station's home country Entry #5 (string up to 23 characters): Station name Entry #6 (string up to 3 characters): Language code Entry #7 (string up to 3 characters): Target-area code Entry #8 (string): Transmitter-site code Entry #9 (integer): Persistence code, where: 1 = This broadcast is everlasting (i.e., it will be copied into next season's file automatically) 2 = As 1, but with a DST shift (northern hemisphere) 3 = As 1, but with a DST shift (southern hemisphere) 4 = As 1, but active only in the winter season 5 = As 1, but active only in the summer season 6 = Valid only for part of this season; dates given in entries #10 and #11. Useful to re-check old logs. 8 = Inactive entry, not copied into the bc and freq files. Entry #10: Start date if entry #9=6. 0401 = 4th January. Sometimes used with #9=1 if a new permanent service is started, for information purposes only. Entry #11: As 10, but end date. Additionally, the date of the most recent log can be noted in [brackets]. [0212]=Last heard in February 2012. D) Codes used. I) Language codes. II) Country codes. III) Target-area codes. IV) Transmitter-site codes. I) Language codes. Numbers are number of speakers. 4m = 4 millions. On the right in [brackets] the ISO 639-3 (SIL) language code for reference. For more information on language [abc] visit https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/abc -CW Morse Station -HF HFDL Squitter (Aircraft comms station) -MX Music -TS Time Signal Station -TY Teletype Station (RTTY/SITOR/..) A Arabic (300m) [arb] AB Abkhaz: Georgia-Abkhazia (0.1m) [abk] AC Aceh: Indonesia-Sumatera (3m) [ace] ACH Achang / Ngac'ang: Myanmar, South China (60,000) [acn] AD Adygea / Adyghe / Circassian: Russia-Caucasus (0.5m) [ady] ADI Adi: India-Assam,Arunachal Pr. (0.1m) [adi] AF Afrikaans: South Africa, Namibia (5m) [afr] AFA Afar: Djibouti (0.3m), Ethiopia (0.45m), Eritrea (0.3m) [aar] AFG Pashto and Dari (main Afghan languages, see there) AH Amharic: Ethiopia (22m) [amh] AJ Adja / Aja-Gbe: Benin, Togo (0.5m) [ajg] AK Akha: Burma (0.2m), China-Yunnan (0.13m) [ahk] AKL Aklanon: Philippines-Visayas (0.5m) [akl] AL Albanian: Albania (Tosk)(3m), Macedonia/Yugoslavia (Gheg)(2m) [sqi] ALG Algerian (Arabic): Algeria (28m) [arq] AM Amoy: S China (25m), Taiwan (15m), SoEaAsia (5m); dialect of Minnan [nan] AMD Tibetan Amdo (Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan: 2m) [adx] Ang Angelus programme of Vatican Radio AR Armenian: Armenia (3m), USA (1m), RUS,GEO,SYR,LBN,IRN,EGY [hye] ARO Aromanian/Vlach: Greece, Albania, Macedonia (0.1m) [rup] ARU Languages of Arunachal, India (collectively) ASS Assamese: India-Assam (13m) [asm] ASY Assyrian/Syriac/Neo-Aramaic: Iraq, Iran, Syria (0.2m) [aii] ATS Atsi / Zaiwa: Myanmar (13,000), China-Yunnan (70,000) [atb] Aud Papal Audience (Vatican Radio) AV Avar: Dagestan, S Russia (0.7m) [ava] AW Awadhi: N&Ce India (3m) [awa] AY Aymara: Bolivia (2m) [ayr] AZ Azeri/Azerbaijani: Azerbaijan (6m) [azj] BAD Badaga: India-Tamil Nadu (0.13m) [bfq] BAG Bagri: India-Punjab (0.6m), Pakistan (0.2m) [bgq] BAI Bai: China-Yunnan (1.2m) [bca] BAJ Bajau: Malaysia-Sabah (50,000) [bdr] BAL Balinese: Indonesia-Bali (3m) [ban] BAN Banjar/Banjarese: Indonesia-Kalimantan (3.5m) [bjn] BAO Baoulé: Cote d'Ivoire (2m) [bci] BAR Bari: South Sudan (0.4m) [bfa] BAS Bashkir/Bashkort: Russia-Bashkortostan (1m) [bak] BAY Bayash/Boyash (gypsy dialect of Romanian): Serbia, Croatia (10,000) BB Braj Bhasa/Braj Bhasha/Brij: India-Rajasthan (0.6m) [bra] BC Baluchi: Pakistan (5m) [bal] BE Bengali/Bangla: Bangladesh (110m), India (82m) [ben] BED bedawiyet / Bedawi / Beja: Sudan (1m) [bej] BEM Bemba: Zambia (3m) [bem] BET Bete / Bété (Guiberoua): Ivory Coast (0.2m) [bet] BGL Bagheli: N India (3m) [bfy] BH Bhili: India-Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat (3.3m) [bhb] BHN Bahnar: Vietnam (160,000) [bdq] BHT Bhatri: India-Chhattisgarh,Maharashtra (0.2m) [bgw] BI Bilen/Bile: Eritrea-Keren (90,000) [byn] BID Bidayuh languages: Malaysia-Sarawak (70,000) [sdo] BIS Bisaya: Malaysia-Sarawak,Sabah (20,000), Brunei (40,000) [bsb] BJ Bhojpuri/Bihari: India (38m), Nepal (1.7m) [bho] BK Balkarian: Russia-Caucasus (0.3m) [krc] BLK Balkan Romani: Bulgaria (0.3m), Serbia (0.1m), Macedonia (0.1m) [rmn] BLT Balti: NE Pakistan (0.3m) [bft] BM Bambara/Bamanankan/Mandenkan: Mali (4m) [bam] BNA Borana Oromo/Afan Oromo: Ethiopia (4m) [gax] BNG Bangala / Mbangala: Central Angola (0.4m) [mxg] BNI Baniua/Baniwa: Brazil-Amazonas (6,000) [bwi] BNJ Banjari / Banjara / Gormati / Lambadi: India (4m) [lmn] BNT Bantawa: Nepal (400,000) [bap] BON Bondo: India-Odisha (9000) [bfw] BOR Boro / Bodo: India-Assam,W Bengal (1.3m) [brx] BOS Bosnian (derived from Serbocroat): Bosnia-Hercegovina (2m) [bos] BR Burmese / Barma / Myanmar: Myanmar (32m) [mya] BRA Brahui: Pakistan (4m), Afghanistan (0.2m) [brh] BRB Bariba / Baatonum: Benin (0.5m), Nigeria (0.1m) [bba] BRU Bru: Laos (30,000), Vietnam (55,000) [bru] BSL Bislama: Vanuatu (10,000) [bis] BT Black Tai / Tai Dam: Vietnam (0.7m) [blt] BTK Batak-Toba: Indonesia-Sumatra (2m) [bbc] BU Bulgarian: Bulgaria (6m) [bul] BUG Bugis / Buginese: Indonesia-Sulawesi (5m) [bug] BUK Bukharian/Bukhori: Israel (50,000), Uzbekistan (10,000) [bhh] BUN Bundeli / Bundelkhandi / Bundelkandi: India-Uttar,Madhya Pr. (3m) [bns] BUR Buryat: Russia-Buryatia, Lake Baikal (0.4m) [bxr] BY Byelorussian / Belarusian: Belarus, Poland, Ukraine (8m) [bel] C Chinese (not further specified) CA Cantonese / Yue: China-Guangdong (50m),Hongkong (6m),Malaysia (1m) [yue] CC Chaochow (dialect of Min-Nan): China-Guangdong (10m), Thailand (1m) [nan] CD Chowdary/Chaudhry/Chodri: India-Gujarat (0.2m) [cdi] CEB Cebuano: Philippines (16m) [ceb] CH Chin (not further specified): Myanmar; includes those below a.o. C-A Chin-Asho: Myanmar-Ayeyarwady,Rakhine (30,000) [csh] C-D Chin-Daai: Myanmar-Chin (37,000) [dao] C-F Chin-Falam / Halam: Myanmar-Chin, Bangladesh, India (0.1m) [cfm] C-H Chin-Haka: Myanmar-Chin (100,000) [cnh] CHA Cha'palaa / Chachi: Ecuador-Esmeraldas (10,000) [cbi] CHE Chechen: Russia-Chechnya (1.4m) [che] CHG Chhattisgarhi: India-Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Bihar (13m) [hne] CHI Chitrali / Khowar: NW Pakistan (0.2m) [khw] C-K Chin-Khumi: Myanmar-Chin,Rakhine (0.6m) [cnk] C-M Chin-Mro: Myanmar-Rakhine,Chin (75,000) [cmr] C-O Chin-Thado / Thadou-Kuki: India-Assam, Manipur (0.2m) [tcz] CHR Chrau: Vietnam (7,000) [crw] CHU Chuwabu: Mozambique (1m) [chw] C-T Chin-Tidim: Myanmar-Chin (0.2m), India-Mizoram,Manipur (0.15m) [ctd] C-Z Chin-Zomin / Zomi-Chin: Myanmar (60,000), India-Manipur (20,000) [zom] CKM Chakma: India-Mizoram,Tripura,Assam (0.2m), Bangladesh (0.15m) [ccp] CKW Chokwe: Angola (0.5m), DR Congo (0.5m) [cjk] COF Cofan / Cofán: Ecuador-Napo, Colombia (2000) [con] COK Cook Islands Maori / Rarotongan: Cook Islands (13,000) [rar] CR Creole / Haitian: Haiti (7m) [hat] CRU Chru: Vietnam (19,000) [cje] CT Catalan: Spain (7m), Andorra (31,000) [cat] CV Chuvash: Russia-Chuvashia (1m) [chv] CVC Chavacano/Chabacano: Spanish creole in PHL-Mindanao (4m) [cbk] CW Chewa/Chichewa/Nyanja/Chinyanja: Malawi (7m), MOZ (0.6m),ZMB (0.8m) [nya] CZ Czech: Czech Republic (9m) [ces] D German: Germany (80m), Austria, Switzerland, Belgium [deu] D-P Lower German (varieties in N.Germany, USA:Pennsylvania Dutch) [pdc] DA Danish: Denmark (5.5m) [dan] DAH Dahayia: India DAO Dao: Vietnam ethnic group speaking MIE and Kim Mun (0.7m) DAR Dargwa/Dargin: Russia-Dagestan (0.5m) [dar] DD Dhodiya / Dhodia: India-Gujarat (150,000) [dho] DEC Deccan/Deccani/Desi: India-Maharashtra (13m) [dcc] DEG Degar / Montagnard (Vietnam): comprises JR, RAD, BHN, KOH, MNO, STI DEN Dendi: Benin (30,000) [ddn] DEO Deori: India-Assam (27,000) [der] DES Desiya / Deshiya: India-Odisha (50,000) [dso] DH Dhivehi: Maldives (0.3m) [div] DI Dinka: South Sudan (1.4m) [dip,diw,dik,dib,dks] DIM Dimasa/Dhimasa: India-Assam: (0.1m) [dis] DIT Ditamari: Benin (0.1m) [tbz] DO Dogri (sometimes includes Kangri dialect): N India (4m) [doi,dgo,him] DR Dari / Eastern Farsi: Afghanistan (7m), Pakistan (2m) [prs] DU Dusun: Malaysia-Sabah (0.1m) [dtp] DUN Dungan: Kyrgyzstan (40,000) [dng] DY Dyula/Jula: Burkina Faso (1m), Ivory Coast (1.5m), Mali (50,000) [dyu] DZ Dzongkha: Bhutan (0.2m) [dzo] E English: UK (60m), USA (225m), India (200m), others [eng] EC Eastern Cham: Vietnam (70,000) [cjm] EGY Egyptian Arabic: Egypt (52m) [arz] EO Esperanto: Constructed language (2m) [epo] ES Estonian: Estonia (1m) [ekk] EWE Ewe / Éwé: Ghana (2m), Togo (1m) [ewe] F French: France (53m), Canada (7m), Belgium (4m), Switzerland (1m) [fra] FA Faroese: Faroe Islands (66,000) [fao] FI Finnish: Finland (5m) [fin] FJ Fijian: Fiji (0.3m) [fij] FON Fon / Fongbe: Benin (1.4m) [fon] FP Filipino (based on Tagalog): Philippines (25m) [fil] FS Farsi / Iranian Persian: Iran (45m) [pes] FT Fiote / Vili: Rep. Congo (7000), Gabon (4000) [vif] FU Fulani/Fulfulde: Nigeria (8m), Niger (1m),Burkina Faso (1m) [fub,fuh,fuq] FUJ FutaJalon / Pular: Guinea (3m) [fuf] Fujian: see TW-Taiwanese FUR Fur: Sudan-Darfur (0.5m) [fvr] GA Garhwali: India-Uttarakhand,Himachal Pr. (3m) [gbm] GAG Gagauz: Moldova (0.1m) [gag] GAR Garo: India-Meghalaya,Assam,Nagaland,Tripura (1m) [grt] GD Greenlandic Inuktikut: Greenland (50,000) [kal] GE Georgian: Georgia (4m) [kat] GI Gilaki: Iran (3m) [glk] GJ Gujari/Gojri: NW India (0.7m), Pakistan (0.3m) [gju] GL Galicic/Gallego: Spain (3m) [glg] GM Gamit: India-Gujarat (0.3m) [gbl] GNG Gurung (Eastern and Western): Nepal (0.4m) [ggn,gvr] GO Gorontalo: Indonesia-Sulawesi (1m) [gor] GON Gondi: India-Madhya Pr.,Maharashtra (2m) [gno] GR Greek: Greece (10m), Cyprus (0.7m) [ell] GU Gujarati: India-Gujarat,Maharashtra,Rajasthan (46m) [guj] GUA Guaraní: Paraguay (5m) [grn] GUN Gungbe / Gongbe / Goun: Benin, Nigeria (0.7m) [guw] GUR Gurage/Guragena: Ethiopia (0.4m) [sgw] GZ Ge'ez / Geez (liturgic language of Ethiopia) [gez] HA Haussa: Nigeria (19m), Niger (5m), Benin (1m) [hau] HAD Hadiya: Ethiopia (1.2m) [hdy] HAR Haryanvi / Bangri / Harayanvi / Hariyanvi: India-Haryana (8m) [bgc] HAS Hassinya/Hassaniya: Mauritania (3m) [mey] HB Hebrew: Israel (5m) [heb] HD Hindko (Northern and Southern): Pakistan (3m) [hnd,hno] HI Hindi: India (260m) [hin] HIM Himachali languages: India-Himachal Pradesh [him] HK Hakka: South China (26m), Taiwan (3m), Malaysia (1m) [hak] Hokkien: see TW-Taiwanese HM Hmong/Miao languages: S China, N Vietnam, N Laos, USA (3m) [hmn] HMA Hmar: India-Assam,Manipur,Mizoram (80,000) [hmr] HMB Hmong-Blue/Njua: Laos (0.1m), Thailand (60,000) [hnj] HMQ Hmong/Miao, Northern Qiandong / Black Hmong: S China (1m) [hea] HMW Hmong-White/Daw: Vietnam (1m), Laos (0.2m), S China (0.2m) [mww] HN Hani: China-Yunnan (0.7m) [hni] HO Ho: India-Jharkand,Odisha,W Bengal (1m) [hoc] HR Croatian/Hrvatski: Croatia (4m), BIH (0.5m), Serbia (0.1m) [hrv] HRE Hre: Vietnam (0.1m) [hre] HU Hungarian: Hungary (10m), Romania (1.5m), SVK (0.5m), SRB (0.3m) [hun] HUI Hui / Huizhou: China-Anhui,Zhejiang (5m) [czh] HZ Hazaragi: Afghanistan (1.8m), Iran (0.3m) [haz] I Italian: Italy (55m), Switzerland (0.5m), San Marino (25,000) [ita] IB Iban: Malaysia-Sarawak (0.7m) [iba] IBN Ibanag: Philippines-Luzon (0.5m) [ibg] IF Ifè / Ife: Togo (0.1m), Benin (80,000) [ife] IG Igbo / Ibo: Nigeria (18m) [ibo] ILC Ilocano: Philippines (7m) [ilo] ILG Ilonggo / Hiligaynon: Philippines-Visayas/Mindanao (9m) [hil] IN Indonesian / Bahasa Indonesia: Indonesia (140m) [ind] INU Inuktikut: Canada-Nunavut,N Quebec,Labrador (30,000) [ike] IRQ Iraqi Arabic: Iraq (12m), Iran (1m), Syria (2m) [acm] IS Icelandic: Iceland (0.2m) [isl] ISA Isan / Northeastern Thai: Thailand (15m) [tts] ITA Itawis / Tawit: Philippines-Luzon (0.1m) [itv] J Japanese: Japan (122m) [jpn] JAI Jaintia / Pnar / Synteng: India-Meghalaya, Bangladesh (250,000) [pbv] JEH Jeh: Vietnam (15,000), Laos (8,000) [jeh] JG Jingpho: see KC-Kachin JOR Jordanian Arabic: Jordan (3.5m), Israel/Palestine (2.5m) [ajp] JR Jarai / Giarai / Jra: Vietnam (0.3m) [jra] JU Juba Arabic: South Sudan (60,000) [pga] JV Javanese: Indonesia-Java,Bali (84m) [jav] K Korean: Korea (62m), China-Jilin,Heilongjiang,Liaoning (2m) [kor] KA Karen (unspecified): Myanmar (3m) K-G Karen-Geba: Myanmar (40,000) [kvq] K-K Karen-Geko / Gekho: Myanmar (17,000) [ghk] K-M Manumanaw Karen / Kawyaw / Kayah: Myanmar (10,000) [kxf] K-P Karen-Pao / Black Karen / Pa'o: Myanmar (0.5m) [blk] K-S Karen-Sgaw / S'gaw: Myanmar (1.3m), Thailand (0.2m) [ksw] K-W Karen-Pwo: Myanmar (1m); Northern variant: Thailand (60,000) [kjp,pww] KAD Kadazan: Malaysia-Sabah (80,000) [kzj,dtb] KAL Kalderash Romani (Dialect of Vlax): Romania (0.2m) [rmy] KAB Kabardian: Russia-Caucasus (0.5m), Turkey (1m) [kbd] KAM Kambaata: Ethiopia (0.6m) [ktb] KAN Kannada: India-Karnataka,Andhra Pr.,Tamil Nadu (40m) [kan] KAO Kaonde: Zambia (0.2m) [kqn] KAR Karelian: Russia-Karelia (25,000), Finland (10,000) [krl] KAT Katu: Vietnam (50,000) [ktv] KAU Kau Bru / Kaubru/ Riang: India-Tripura,Mizoram,Assam (77,000) [ria] KAY Kayan: Myanmar (0.1m) [pdu] KB Kabyle: Algeria (5m) [kab] KBO Kok Borok/Tripuri: India (0.8m) [trp] KC Kachin / Jingpho: Myanmar (0.9m) [kac] KG Kyrgyz /Kirghiz: Kyrgystan (2.5m), China (0.1m) [kir] KGU Kalanguya / Kallahan: Philippines-Luzon (0.1m) [kak] KH Khmer: Cambodia (13m), Vietnam (1m) [khm] KHA Kham / Khams, Eastern: China-NE Tibet (1.4m) [khg] KHM Khmu: Laos (0.6m) [kjg] KHR Kharia / Khariya: India-Jharkand (0.2m) [khr] KHS Khasi / Kahasi: India-Meghalaya,Assam (0.8m) [kha] KHT Khota (India) KIM Kimwani: Mozambique (0.1m) [wmw] KIN Kinnauri / Kinori: India-Himachal Pr. (65,000) [kfk] KiR KiRundi: Burundi (9m) [run] KK KiKongo/Kongo: DR Congo, Angola (8m) [kng] KKA Kankana-ey: Philippines-Luzon (0.3m) [kne] KKN Kukna: India-Gujarat (0.1m) [kex] KKU Korku: India-Madhya Pr.,Maharashtra (1m) [kfq] KMB Kimbundu/Mbundu/Luanda: Angola (4m) [kmb] KMY Kumyk: Russia-Dagestan (0.4m) [kum] KND Khandesi: India-Maharashtra (22,000) [khn] KNG Kangri: close to Dogri; India-Himachal Pradesh, Punjab (1m) [xnr] KNK KinyaRwanda-KiRundi service of the Voice of America / BBC KNU Kanuri: Nigeria (3.2m), Chad (0.1m), Niger (0.4m) [kau] KNY Konyak Naga: India-Assam,Nagaland (0.25m) [nbe] KOH Koho/Kohor: Vietnam (0.2m) [kpm] KOK Kokang Shan: Myanmar (dialect of Shan) KOM Komering: Indonesia-Sumatera (0.5m) [kge] KON Konkani: India-Maharashtra,Karnataka,Kerala (2.4m) [knn] KOR Korambar / Kurumba Kannada: India-Tamil Nadu (0.2m) [kfi] KOT Kotokoli / Tem: Togo (0.2m), Benin (0.05m), Ghana (0.05m) [kdh] KOY Koya: India-Andhra Pr.,Odisha (0.4m) [kff] KPK Karakalpak: W Uzbekistan (0.4m) [kaa] KRB Karbi / Mikir / Manchati: India-Assam,Arunachal Pr. (0.4m) [mjw] KRI Krio: Sierra Leone (0.5m) [kri] KRW KinyaRwanda: Rwanda (7m), Uganda (0.4m), DR Congo (0.2m) [kin] KRY Karay-a: Philippines-Visayas (0.4m) [krj] KS Kashmiri: India (5m), Pakistan (0.1m) [kas] KT Kituba (simplified Kikongo): Rep. Congo (1m), DR Congo (4m) [ktu] KTW Kotwali (dialect of Bhili): India-Gujarat,Maharshtra [bhb] KU Kurdish: Turkey (15m), Iraq (6.3m), Iran (6.5m), Syria (1m) [ckb,kmr,sdh] KuA Kurdish and Arabic KuF Kurdish and Farsi KUI Kui: India-Odisha,Ganjam,Andhra Pr. (1m) [kxu] KUL Kulina: Brazil-Acre (3500) [cul] KUM Kumaoni/Kumauni: India-Uttarakhand (2m) [kfy] KUN Kunama: Eritrea (0.2m) [kun] KUP Kupia / Kupiya: India-Andhra Pr. (6,000) [key] KUR Kurukh/Kurux: India-Chhatisgarh,Jharkhand,W.Bengal (2m) [kru] KUs Sorani (Central) Kurdish: Iraq (3.5m), Iran (3.3m) [ckb] KUT Kutchi: India-Gujarat (0.4m), Pakistan-Sindh (0.2m) [gjk] KUV Kuvi: India-Odisha (0.16m) [kxv] KVI Kulluvi/Kullu: India-Himachal Pr. (0.1m) [kfx] KWA Kwanyama/Kuanyama (dialect of OW): Angola (0.4m), Namibia (0.2m) [kua] KYH Kayah: Myanmar (0.15m) [kyu] KZ Kazakh: Kazakhstan (7m), China (1m), Mongolia (0.1m) [kaz] L Latin: Official language of Catholic church [lat] LA Ladino: see SEF LAD Ladakhi / Ladak: India-Jammu and Kashmir (0.1m) [lbj] LAH Lahu: China (0.3m), Myanmar (0.2m) [lhu] LAK Lak: Russia-Dagestan (0.15m) [lbe] LAM Lampung: Indonesia-Sumatera (1m) [abl,ljp] LAO Lao: Laos (3m) [lao] LB Lun Bawang / Murut: Malaysia-Sarawak (24,000), Indonesia (23,000) [lnd] LBN Lebanon Arabic (North Levantine): Lebanon (4m), Syria (9m) [apc] LBO Limboo /Limbu: Nepal (0.3m), India-Sikkim,W.Bengal,Assam (40,000) [lif] LEP Lepcha: India-Sikkim,W.Bengal (50,000) [lep] LEZ Lezgi: Russia-Dagestan (0.4m), Azerbaijan (0.4m) [lez] LIM Limba: Sierra Leone (0.3m) [lia] LIN Lingala: DR Congo (2m), Rep. Congo (0.1m) [lin] LIS Lisu: China-West Yunnan (0.6m), Burma (0.3m) [lis] LND Lunda (see LU), in particular its dialect Ndembo: Angola (0.2m) [lun] LNG Lungeli Magar (possibly same as MGA?) LO Lomwe / Ngulu: Mocambique (1.5m) [ngl] LOK Lokpa / Lukpa / Lupka: Benin (50,000), Togo (14,000) [dop] LOZ Lozi / Silozi: Zambia (0.6m), ZWE (70,000), NMB-E Caprivi (30,000) [loz] LT Lithuanian: Lithuania (3m) [lit] LTO Oriental Liturgy of Vatican Radio LU Lunda: Zambia (0.5m) [lun] LUB Luba: DR Congo-Kasai (6m) [lua] LUC Luchazi: Angola (0.4m), Zambia (0.05m) [lch] LUG Luganda: Uganda (4m) [lug] LUN Lunyaneka/Nyaneka: Angola (0.3m) [nyk] LUR Luri, Northern and Southern: Iran (1.5m and 0.9m) [lrc,luz] LUV Luvale: Angola (0.5m), Zambia (0.2m) [lue] LV Latvian: Latvia (1.2m) [lvs] M Mandarin (Standard Chinese / Beijing dialect): China (840m) [cmn] MA Maltese: Malta (0.3m) [mlt] MAD Madurese/Madura: Indonesia-Java (7m) [mad] MAG Maghi/Magahi/Maghai: India-Bihar,Jharkhand (14m) [mag] MAI Maithili / Maithali: India-Bihar (30m), Nepal (3m) [mai] MAK Makonde: Tanzania (1m), Mozambique (0.4m) [kde] MAL Malayalam: India-Kerala (33m) [mal] MAM Maay / Mamay / Rahanweyn: Somalia (2m) [ymm] MAO Maori: New Zealand (60,000) [mri] MAR Marathi: India-Maharashtra (72m) [mar] MAS Maasai/Massai/Masai: Kenya (0.8m), Tanzania (0.5m) [mas] MC Macedonian: Macedonia (1.4m), Albania (0.1m) [mkd] MCH Mavchi/Mouchi/Mauchi/Mawchi: India-Gujarat,Maharashtra (0.1m) [mke] MEI Meithei/Manipuri/Meitei: India-Manipur,Assam (1.5m) [mni] MEN Mende: Sierra Leone (1.5m) [men] MEW Mewari/Mewadi (a Rajasthani variety): India-Rajasthan (5m) [mtr] MGA Magar (Western and Eastern): Nepal (0.8m) [mrd,mgp] MIE Mien / Iu Mien: S China (0.4m), Vietnam (0.4m) [ium] MIS Mising: India-Assam,Arunachal Pr. (0.5m) [mrg] MKB Minangkabau: Indonesia-West Sumatra (5.5m) [min] MKS Makassar/Makasar: Indonesia-South Sulawesi (2m) [mak] MKU Makua / Makhuwa: Mocambique (3m) [vmw] ML Malay / Baku: Malaysia (10m), Singapore (0.4m), Indonesia (5m) [zsm,zlm] MLK Malinke/Maninka (We/Ea): Guinea (3m), SEN (0.4m), Mali (0.8m) [emk,mlq] MLT Malto / Kumarbhag Paharia: India-Jharkhand (12,000) [kmj] MNA Mina / Gen: Togo (0.2m), Benin (0.1m) [gej] MNB Manobo / T'duray: Philippines-Mindanao (0.1m) [mno] MNE Montenegrin (quite the same as SR): Montenegro (0.2m) [srp] MNO Mnong (Ea,Ce,So): Vietnam (90,000), Cambodia (40,000) [mng,cmo,mnn] MO Mongolian: Mongolia (Halh; 2m), China (Peripheral; 3m) [khk,mvf] MON Mon: Myanmar-Mon,Kayin (0.7m), Thailand (0.1m) [mnw] MOO Moore/Mòoré/Mossi: Burkina Faso (5m) [mos] MOR Moro/Moru/Muro: Sudan-S Korodofan (30,000) [mor] MR Maronite / Cypriot Arabic: Cyprus (1300) [acy] MRC Moroccan/Mugrabian Arabic: Morocco (20m) [ary] MRI Mari: Russia-Mari (0.8m) [chm] MRU Maru / Lhao Vo: Burma-Kachin,Shan (0.1m) [mhx] MSY Malagasy: Madagaskar (16m) [mlg] MUN Mundari: India-Jharkhand,Odisha (1.1m) [unr] MUO Muong: Vietnam (1m) [mtq] MUR Murut: Malaysia-Sarawak,Sabah (4500) [kxi,mvv,tih] MV Malvi: India-Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan (6m) [mup] MW Marwari (a Rajasthani variety): India-Rajasthan,Gujarat (6m) [mwr,rwr] MX Macuxi/Macushi: Brazil (16,000), Guyana (1,000) [mbc] MY Maya (Yucatec): Mexico (0.7m), Belize (6000) [yua] MZ Mizo / Lushai: India-Mizoram (0.7m) [lus] NAG Naga (var.incl. Ao,Makware): India-Nagaland, Assam (2m) [njh,njo,nmf,nph] NAP Naga Pidgin / Bodo / Nagamese: India-Nagaland (30,000) [nag] NDA Ndau: Mocambique (1.6m), Zimbabwe (0.8m) [ndc] NDE Ndebele: Zimbabwe (1.5m), South Africa-Limpopo (0.6m) [nde,nbl] NE Nepali/Lhotshampa: Nepal (11m), India (3m), Bhutan (0.1m) [npi] NG Nagpuri / Sadani / Sadari / Sadri: India-Jharkhand,W.Bengal (3m) [sck] NGA Ngangela/Nyemba: Angola (0.2m) [nba] NIC Nicobari: India-Nicobar Islands (40,000) [caq] NIG Nigerian Pidgin: Nigeria (30m) [pcm] NIS Nishi/Nyishi: India-Arunachal Pradesh (0.2m) [njz] NIU Niuean: Niue (2,000) [niu] NJ Ngaju: Indonesia-Borneo (0.9m) [nij] NL Dutch: Netherlands (16m), Belgium (6m), Suriname (0.2m) [nld] NLA Nga La / Matu Chin: Myanmar-Chin (30,000), India-Mizoram (10,000) [hlt] NO Norwegian: Norway (5m) [nor] NOC Nocte / Nockte: India-Assam,Arunachal Pr. (33,000) [njb] NP Nupe: Nigeria (0.8m) [nup] NTK Natakani / Netakani / Varhadi-Nagpuri: India-Maharashtra,M.Pr. (7m) [vah] NU Nuer: Sudan (0.8m), Ethiopia (0.2m) [nus] NUN Nung: Vietnam (1m) [nut] NW Newar/Newari: Nepal (0.8m) [new] NY Nyanja: see CW-Chichewa which is the same OG Ogan: Indonesia-Sumatera (less than 0.5m) [pse] OH Otjiherero service in Namibia (Languages: Herero, SeTswana) OO Oromo: Ethiopia (26m) [orm] OR Odia / Oriya / Orissa: India-Odisha,Chhattisgarh (32m) [ory] OS Ossetic: Russia (0.5m), Georgia (0.1m) [oss] OW Oshiwambo service in Angola and Namibia (Languages: Ovambo, Kwanyama) P Portuguese: Brazil (187m), Angola (14m), Portugal (10m) [por] PAL Palaung - Pale: Myanmar (0.3m) [pce] PAS Pasemah: Indonesia-Sumatera (less than 0.5m) [pse] PED Pedi: S Africa (4m) [nso] PJ Punjabi: Pakistan (60m), India-Punjab,Rajasthan (28m) [pnb,pan] PO Polish: Poland (37m) [pol] POR Po: Myanmar-Rakhine (identical to K-W?) POT Pothwari: Pakistan (2.5m) [phr] PS Pashto / Pushtu: Afghanistan (6m), Pakistan (1m) [pbt] PU Pulaar: Senegal (3m), Gambia (0.3m) [fuc] Q Quechua: Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador (various varieties; 9m) [que,qvi] QQ Qashqai: Iran (1.5m) [qxq] R Russian: Russia (137m), Ukraine (8m), Kazakhstan (6m), Belarus (1m) [rus] RAD Rade/Ede: Vietnam (0.2m) [rad] RAJ Rajasthani: common lingua franca in Rajasthan (18m) [raj] REN Rengao: Vietnam (18,000) [ren] RGM Rengma Naga: India-Nagaland (34,000) [nre,nnl] RO Romanian: Romania (20m), Moldova (3m), Serbia-Vojvodina (0.2m) [ron] ROG Roglai (Northern, Southern): Vietnam (0.1m) [rog,rgs] ROH Rohingya (rjj): Myanmar-Rakhine (2m) [rhg] RON Rongmei Naga: India-Manipur,Nagaland,Assam (60,000) [nbu] Ros Rosary session of Vatican Radio RU Rusyn / Ruthenian: Ukraine (0.5m), Serbia-Vojvodina (30,000) [rue] RWG Rawang: Myanmar-Kachin (60,000) [raw] S Spanish/Castellano: Spain (30m), Latin America (336m), USA (34m) [spa] SAH Saho: Eritrea (0.2m) [ssy] SAN Sango: Central African Rep. (0.4m) [sag] SAR Sara/Sar: Chad (0.2m) [mwm] SAS Sasak: Indonesia-Lombok (2m) [sas] SC Serbocroat (Yugoslav language up to national/linguistic separation) [hbs] SCA Scandinavian languages (Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish) SD Sindhi: Pakistan (19m), India (2m) [snd] SED Sedang: Vietnam (0.1m) [sed] SEF Sefardi/Judeo Spanish/Ladino: Israel (0.1m), Turkey (10,000) [lad] SEN Sena: Mocambique (1m) [seh] SFO Senoufo/Sénoufo-Syenara: Mali (0.15m) [shz] SGA Shangaan/Tsonga: Mocambique (2m), South Africa (2m) [tso] SGM Sara Gambai / Sara Ngambai: Chad (0.9m) [sba] SGO Songo: Angola (50,000) [nsx] SGT Sangtam: India-Nagaland (84,000) [nsa] SHA Shan: Myanmar (3m) [shn] SHk Shan-Khamti: Myanmar (8,000), India-Assam (5,000) [kht] SHC Sharchogpa / Sarchopa / Tshangla: E Bhutan (0.14m) [tsj] SHE Sheena/Shina: Pakistan (0.6m) [scl,plk] SHK Shiluk/Shilluk: South Sudan (0.2m) [shk] SHO Shona: Zimbabwe (11m) [sna] SHP Sherpa: Nepal (0.1m) [xsr] SHU Shuwa Arabic: Chad (1m), Nigeria (0.1m), N Cameroon (0.1m) [shu] SI Sinhalese/Sinhala: Sri Lanka (16m) [sin] SID Sidamo/Sidama: Ethiopia (3m) [sid] SIK Sikkimese/Bhutia: India-Sikkim,W.Bengal (70,000) [sip] SIR Siraiki/Seraiki: Pakistan (14m) [skr] SK Slovak: Slovakia (5m), Czech Republic (0.2m), Serbia (80,000) [slk] SLM Pijin/Solomon Islands Pidgin: Solomon Islands (0.3m) [pis] SLT Silte / East Gurage / xst: Ethiopia (1m) [stv] SM Samoan: Samoa (0.2m), American Samoa (0.05m) [smo] SMP Sambalpuri / Sambealpuri: India-Odisha,Chhattisgarh (18m) [spv] SNK Sanskrit: India (0.2m) [san] SNT Santhali: India-Bihar,Jharkhand,Odisha (6m), Bangladesh (0.2m) [sat] SO Somali: Somalia (8m), Ethiopia (5m), Kenya (2m), Djibouti (0.3m) [som] SON Songhai: Mali (0.6m) [ses,khq] SOT SeSotho: South Africa (4m), Lesotho (2m) [sot] SR Serbian: Serbia (7m), Bosnia-Hercegovina (1.5m) [srp] SRA Soura / Sora: India-Odisha,Andhra Pr. (0.3m) [srb] STI Stieng: Vietnam (85,000) [sti,stt] SUA Shuar: Ecuador (35,000) [jiv] SUD Sudanese Arabic: Sudan and South Sudan (15m) [apd] SUM Sumi Naga: India-Nagaland (0.1m) [nsm] SUN Sunda/Sundanese: Indonesia-West Java (34m) [sun] SUR Surgujia: India-Chhattisgarh (1.5m) [sgj] SUS Sudan Service of IBRA, in SUD, BED, FUR, and TGR SV Slovenian: Slovenia (1.7m), Italy (0.1m), Austria (18,000) [slv] SWA Swahili/Kisuaheli: Tanzania (15m), Kenya, Ea.DR Congo (9m) [swc,swh] SWE Swedish: Sweden (8m), Finland (0.3m) [swe] SWZ SiSwati: Swaziland (1m), South Africa (1m) [ssw] T Thai: Thailand (20m) [tha] TAG Tagalog: Philippines (22m) [tgl] TAH Tachelhit/Sous: Morocco, southern (4m), Algeria [shi] TAL Talysh: Azerbaijan, Iran (1m) [tly] TAM Tamil: S.India (60m), Malaysia (4m), Sri Lanka (4m) [tam] TAU Tausug: Philippines-Sulu, n.Borneo (1m) [tsg] TB Tibetan / Lhasa Tibetan: Tibet (1m), India (0.1m) [bod] TBL Tboli / T'boli / Tagabili: Philippines-Mindanao (0.1m) [tbl] TBS Tabasaran: Russia-Dagestan (0.1m) [tab] TEL Telugu: India-Andhra Pr. (74m) [tel] TEM Temme/Temne: Sierra Leone (1.5m) [tem] TFT Tarifit: Morocco, northern (1.3m), Algeria [rif] TGB Tagabawa / Bagobo: Philippines-Mindanao (43,000) [bgs] TGK Tangkhul/Tangkul Naga: India-Manipur,Nagaland (0.15m) [nmf] TGR Tigre/Tigré/Tigrawit: Eritrea (1m) [tig] TGS Tangsa/Naga-Tase: Myanmar (60,000), India-Arunachal Pr. (40,000) [nst] THA Tharu Buksa: India-Uttarakhand (43,000) [tkb] TIG Tigrinya/Tigray: Ethiopia (4m), Eritrea (3m) [tir] TJ Tajik: Tajikistan (3m), Uzbekistan (1m) [tgk] TK Turkmen: Turkmenistan (3m), Iran (2m), Afghanistan (1.5m) [tuk] TKL Tagakaulo (dialect of Kalagan): Philippines-Mindanao (0.2m) [kqe,klg] TL Tai-Lu/Lu: China-Yunnan (0.3m), Myanmar (0.2m), Laos (0.1m) [khb] TM Tamazight: Morocco, central (3m) [zgh] TMG Tamang: Nepal (1.5m) [taj,tdg,tmk,tsf] TMJ Tamajeq: Niger (0.8m), Mali (0.44m), Algeria (40,000) [taq,thv,thz,ttq] TN Tai-Nua/Chinese Shan: China-Yunnan (0.5m), LAO/MYA/VTN (0.2m) [tdd] TNG Tonga: Zambia (1m), Zimbabwe (0.1m) [toi] TO Tongan: Tonga (0.1m) [ton] TOK Tokelau: Tokelau (1000) [tkl] TOR Torajanese/Toraja: Indonesia-Sulawesi (0.8m) [sda] TP Tok Pisin: Papua New Guinea (4m) [tpi] TS Tswana / SeTswana: Botswana (1m), South Africa (3m) [tsn] TSA Tsangla: see SHC TSH Tshwa: Mocambique (1m) [tsc] TT Tatar: Russia-Tatarstan,Bashkortostan (5m) [tat] TTB Tatar-Bashkir service of Radio Liberty TU Turkish: Turkey (46m), Bulgaria (0.6m), N Cyprus (0.2m) [tur] TUL Tulu: India-Karnataka,Kerala (2m) [tcy] TUM Tumbuka: Malawi (2m), Zambia (0.5m) [tum] TUN Tunisian Arabic: Tunisia (9m) [aeb] TUR Turkana: NW Kenya (1m) [tuv] TV Tuva / Tuvinic: Russia-Tannu Tuva (0.25m) [tyv] TW Taiwanese/Fujian/Hokkien/Min Nan (CHN 25m, TWN 15m, others 9m) [nan] TWI Twi/Akan: Ghana (8m) [aka] TWT Tachawit/Shawiya/Chaouia: Algeria (1.4m) [shy] TZ Tamazight/Berber: Morocco (2m) [zgh,tzm] UD Udmurt: Russia-Udmurtia (0.3m) [udm] UI Uighur: China-Xinjiang (8m), Kazakhstan (0.3m) [uig] UK Ukrainian: Ukraine (32m), Kazakhstan (0.9m), Moldova (0.6m) [ukr] UM Umbundu: Angola (6m) [umb] UR Urdu: Pakistan (104m), India (51m) [urd] UZ Uzbek: Uzbekistan (16m) [uzn] V Vasco / Basque / Euskera: Spain (0.6m), France (76,000) [eus] VAD Vadari / Waddar / Od: India-Andhra Pr. (0.2m) [wbq] VAR Varli / Warli: India-Maharashtra (0.6m) [vav] Ves Vespers (Vatican Radio) Vn Vernacular = local language(s) VN Vietnamese: Vietnam (66m) [vie] VV Vasavi: India-Maharashtra,Gujarat (1m) [vas] VX Vlax Romani / Romanes / Gypsy: Romania (0.2m), Russia (0.1m) [rmy] W Wolof: Senegal (4m) [wol] WA Wa / Parauk: South China (0.4m), Myanmar (0.4m) [prk] WAO Waodani/Waorani: Ecuador (2000) [auc] WE Wenzhou: dialect of WU WT White Tai / Tai Don: Vietnam (0.3m), Laos (0.2m) [twh] WU Wu: China-Jiangsu,Zhejiang (80m) [wuu] XH Xhosa: South Africa (8m) [xho] YAO Yao/Yawo: Malawi (2m), Mocambique (0.5m), Tanzania (0.4m) [yao] YER Yerukula: India-Andhra Pr. (70,000) [yeu] YI Yi / Nosu: China-Sichuan (2m) [iii] YK Yakutian / Sakha: Russia-Sakha (0.5m) [sah] YO Yoruba: Nigeria (20m), Benin (0.5m) [yor] YOL Yolngu/Yuulngu: Australia-Northern Territory (4000) [djr] YUN Dialects/languages of Yunnan (China) YZ Yezidi program (Kurdish-Kurmanji language) Z Zulu: South Africa (10m), Lesotho (0.3m) [zul] ZA Zarma/Zama: Niger (2m) [dje] ZD Zande: DR Congo (0.7m), South Sudan (0.35m) [zne] ZG Zaghawa: Chad (87,000), Sudan (75,000) [zag] ZH Zhuang: Southern China, 16 varieties (15m) [zha] ZWE Languages of Zimbabwe Zomi-Chin: see Chin-Zomi (C-Z) II) Country codes. Countries are referred to by their ITU code (cf. itu.int "List of all geographical area designations") Asterisks (*) denote non-official abbreviations ABW Aruba AFG Afghanistan AFS South Africa AGL Angola AIA Anguilla ALB Albania ALG Algeria ALS Alaska AMS Saint Paul & Amsterdam Is. AND Andorra AOE Western Sahara ARG Argentina ARM Armenia ARS Saudi Arabia ASC Ascension Island ATA Antarctica ATG Antigua and Barbuda ATN Netherlands Leeward Antilles (dissolved in 2010) AUS Australia AUT Austria AZE Azerbaijan AZR Azores B Brasil BAH Bahamas BDI Burundi BEL Belgium BEN Benin BER Bermuda BES Bonaire, St Eustatius, Saba (Dutch islands in the Caribbean) BFA Burkina Faso BGD Bangla Desh BHR Bahrain BIH Bosnia-Herzegovina BIO Chagos Is. (Diego Garcia) (British Indian Ocean Territory) BLM Saint-Barthelemy BLR Belarus BLZ Belize BOL Bolivia BOT Botswana BRB Barbados BRU Brunei Darussalam BTN Bhutan BUL Bulgaria BVT Bouvet CAB Cabinda * CAF Central African Republic CAN Canada CBG Cambodia CEU Ceuta * CG7 Guantanamo Bay CHL Chile CHN China (People's Republic) CHR Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) CKH Cook Island CLA Clandestine stations * CLM Colombia CLN Sri Lanka CME Cameroon CNR Canary Islands COD Democratic Republic of Congo (capital Kinshasa) COG Republic of Congo (capital Brazzaville) COM Comores CPT Clipperton CPV Cape Verde Islands CRO Crozet Archipelago CTI Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) CTR Costa Rica CUB Cuba CUW Curacao CVA Vatican State CYM Cayman Islands CYP Cyprus CZE Czech Republic D Germany DJI Djibouti DMA Dominica DNK Denmark DOM Dominican Republic E Spain EGY Egypt EQA Ecuador ERI Eritrea EST Estonia ETH Ethiopia EUR Iles Europe & Bassas da India * F France FIN Finland FJI Fiji FLK Falkland Islands FRO Faroe Islands FSM Federated States of Micronesia G United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland GAB Gabon GEO Georgia GHA Ghana GIB Gibraltar GLP Guadeloupe GMB Gambia GNB Guinea-Bissau GNE Equatorial Guinea GPG Galapagos * GRC Greece GRD Grenada GRL Greenland GTM Guatemala GUF French Guyana GUI Guinea GUM Guam / Guahan GUY Guyana HKG Hong Kong, part of China HMD Heard & McDonald Islands HND Honduras HNG Hungary HOL The Netherlands HRV Croatia HTI Haiti HWA Hawaii HWL Howland & Baker I Italy ICO Cocos (Keeling) Island IND India INS Indonesia IRL Ireland IRN Iran IRQ Iraq ISL Iceland ISR Israel IW International Waters IWA Ogasawara (Bonin, Iwo Jima) * J Japan JAR Jarvis Island JDN Juan de Nova * JMC Jamaica JMY Jan Mayen * JON Johnston Island JOR Jordan JUF Juan Fernandez Island * KAL Kaliningrad * KAZ Kazakstan / Kazakhstan KEN Kenya KER Kerguelen KGZ Kyrgyzstan KIR Kiribati KNA St Kitts and Nevis KOR Korea, South (Republic) KRE Korea, North (Democratic People's Republic) KWT Kuwait LAO Laos LBN Lebanon LBR Liberia LBY Libya LCA Saint Lucia LIE Liechtenstein LSO Lesotho LTU Lithuania LUX Luxembourg LVA Latvia MAC Macao MAF St Martin MAU Mauritius MCO Monaco MDA Moldova MDG Madagascar MDR Madeira MDW Midway Islands MEL Melilla * MEX Mexico MHL Marshall Islands MKD Macedonia (F.Y.R.) MLA Malaysia MLD Maldives MLI Mali MLT Malta MNE Montenegro MNG Mongolia MOZ Mozambique MRA Northern Mariana Islands MRC Morocco MRN Marion & Prince Edward Islands MRT Martinique MSR Montserrat MTN Mauritania MWI Malawi MYA Myanmar (Burma) (also BRM) MYT Mayotte NCG Nicaragua NCL New Caledonia NFK Norfolk Island NGR Niger NIG Nigeria NIU Niue NMB Namibia NOR Norway NPL Nepal NRU Nauru NZL New Zealand OCE French Polynesia OMA Oman PAK Pakistan PAQ Easter Island PHL Philippines PHX Phoenix Is. PLM Palmyra Island PLW Palau PNG Papua New Guinea PNR Panama POL Poland POR Portugal PRG Paraguay PRU Peru PRV Okino-Tori-Shima (Parece Vela) * PSE Palestine PTC Pitcairn PTR Puerto Rico QAT Qatar REU La Réunion ROD Rodrigues ROU Romania RRW Rwanda RUS Russian Federation S Sweden SAP San Andres & Providencia * SDN Sudan SEN Senegal SEY Seychelles SGA South Georgia Islands * SHN Saint Helena SLM Solomon Islands SLV El Salvador SMA Samoa (American) SMO Samoa SMR San Marino SNG Singapore SOK South Orkney Islands * SOM Somalia SPM Saint Pierre et Miquelon SRB Serbia SRL Sierra Leone SSD South Sudan SSI South Sandwich Islands * STP Sao Tome & Principe SUI Switzerland SUR Suriname SVB Svalbard * SVK Slovakia SVN Slovenia SWZ Swaziland SXM Sint Maarten SYR Syria TCA Turks and Caicos Islands TCD Tchad TGO Togo THA Thailand TJK Tajikistan TKL Tokelau TKM Turkmenistan TLS Timor-Leste TON Tonga TRC Tristan da Cunha TRD Trinidad and Tobago TUN Tunisia TUR Turkey TUV Tuvalu TWN Taiwan * TZA Tanzania UAE United Arab Emirates UGA Uganda UKR Ukraine UN United Nations * URG Uruguay USA United States of America UZB Uzbekistan VCT Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VEN Venezuela VIR American Virgin Islands VRG British Virgin Islands VTN Vietnam VUT Vanuatu WAK Wake Island WAL Wallis and Futuna XBY Abyei area XGZ Gaza strip XSP Spratly Islands XUU Unidentified XWB West Bank YEM Yemen ZMB Zambia ZWE Zimbabwe III) Target-area codes. Af - Africa Am - America(s) As - Asia C.. - Central .. Car - Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, Florida Waters Cau - Caucasus CIS - Commonwealth of Independent States (Former Soviet Union) CNA - Central North America E.. - East .. ENA - Eastern North America ENE - East-northeast ESE - East-southeast Eu - Europe (often including North Africa/Middle East) FE - Far East Glo - Global In - Indian subcontinent LAm - Latin America (=Central and South America) ME - Middle East N.. - North .. NAO - North Atlantic Ocean NE - Northeast NNE - North-northeast NNW - North-northwest NW - Northwest Oc - Oceania (Australia, New Zealand, Pacific Ocean) S.. - South .. SAO - South Atlantic Ocean SE - Southeast SEA - South East Asia SEE - South East Europe Sib - Siberia SSE - South-southeast SSW - South-southwest SW - Southwest Tib - Tibet W.. - West .. WIO - Western Indian Ocean WNA - Western North America WNW - West-northwest WSW - West-southwest Alternatively, ITU country codes may be used if the target area is limited to a certain country. This is often the case for domestic stations. IV) Transmitter site codes. One-letter or two-letter codes for different transmitter sites within one country. No such code is used if there is only one transmitter site in that country. The code is used plainly if the transmitter is located within the home country of the station. Otherwise, it is preced by "/ABC" where ABC is the ITU code of the host country of the transmitter site. Example: A BBC broadcast, relayed by the transmitters in Samara, Russia, would be designated as "/RUS-s". In many cases, a station has a "major" transmitter site which is normally not designated. Should this station use a different transmitter site in certain cases, they are marked. No transmitter-site code is used when the transmitter site is not known. Resources for transmitter sites include: For Brazil: http://sistemas.anatel.gov.br/siscom/consplanobasico/default.asp For USA and territories: http://transition.fcc.gov/ib/sand/neg/hf_web/stations.html Google Earth and Wikimapia Many more details can be discussed in an online group dedicated to BC SW transmitter sites: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/shortwavesites/ AFG: k-Kabul / Pol-e-Charkhi 34N32-69E21 x-Khost 33N20-69E56 y-Kabul-Yakatut 34N32-69E13 AFS: Meyerton 26S35-28E08 except: ct-Cape Town 33S41-18E42 j-Johannesburg 26S07'40"-28E12'20" AGL: L-Luena (Moxico) 11S47'00"-19E55'19" lu-Luanda Radio 08S48-13E16 m-Mulenvos 08S51-13E19 AIA: The Valley 18N13-63W01 ALB: c-Cerrik (CRI) 41N00-20E00 f-Fllake (Durres, 500kW) 41N22-19E30 s-Shijiak (Radio Tirana) (1x100kW = 2x50kW) 41N20-19E33 ALG: ad-Adrar 27N52-00W17 al-Algiers 36N46-03E03 an-Annaba 36N54-07E46 b-Béchar 31N34-02W21 o-Ourgla 31N55-05E04 or-Oran 7TO 35N46-00W33 r-Reggane 26N42-00E10 s-In Salah (Ain Salih) 27N15-02E31 t-Tindouf (Rabbouni) 27N33-08W06 tm-Timimoun 29N16-00E14 ALS: an-Annette 55N03-131W34 ap-Anchor Point 59N44'58"-151W43'56" ba-Barrow 71N15'30"-156W34'39" cb-Cold Bay 55N13-162W43 e-Elmendorf AFB 61N15'04"-149W48'23" g-Gakona 62N23'30"-145W08'48" k-Kodiak 57N46'30"-152W32 ks-King Salmon 58N41-156W40 no-Nome 64N31-165W25 ARG: b-Buenos Aires 34S37'19"-58W21'18" co-Córdoba 31S18-64W14 cr-Comodoro Rivadavia 45S51-67W25 g-General Pacheco 34S36-58W22 mp-Mar del Plata, Prov. Buenos Aires 38S03-57W32 ARM: Gavar (formerly Kamo) 40N25-45E12 y-Yerevan 40N10-44E30 ARS: Riyadh 24N30-46E23 except: j-Jeddah/Jiddah 21N15-39E10 jr-Jiddah Radio 21N23-39E10 jz-Jazan 16N53-42E34 nj-Najran 17N30-44E08 ASC: Ascension Island, 07S54-14W23 ATA: e-Base Esperanza 63S24-57W00 f-Bahia Fildes, King George Island 62S12-58W58 AUS: a-Alice Springs NT 23S49-133E51 ae-Aero sites: Cape Pallarenda 19S12'05"-146E46'05" and Broken Hill 31S55'38"-141E28'57" and Knuckeys Lagoon 12S25'52"-130E57'51" as-Alice Springs NT 23S46'48"-133E52'28" at-Alice Springs NT 23S46'45"-133E52'25" b-Brandon QL 19S31-147E20 bm-Broadmeadows VIC 37S41'31"-144E56'44" c-Charleville QL 26S25-146E15 ex-Exmouth WA 21S49-114E10 g-Gunnedah NSW 30S59-150E15 h-Humpty Doo NT 12S34-131E05 hc-Halls Creek NSW, 50 km NE of Tamsworth in-Innisfail QL 17S32-146E03 ka-Katherine NT 14S24-132E11 ku-Kununurra WA 15S49-128E40 (24 Jul 2012 moved to "Lot 3000" 2 mi west) L-Sydney-Leppington NSW 33S58-150E48 n-Ningi QL 27S04'00"-153E03'20" rm-Roma QL 26S33-148E48 rz-Razorback NSW 34S09-150E40 s-Shepparton VIC 36S20-145E25 sf-Schofields, western Sydney 33S42-150E52 sm-St Mary's, Sydney 33S45-150E46 t-Tennant Creek NT 19S40-134E16 w-Wiluna WA 26S20-120E34 AUT: Moosbrunn 48N00-16E28 AZE: g-Gäncä 40N36-46E20 s-Stepanakert 39N49'35"-46E44'23" AZR: ho-Horta 38N32-28W38 lj-Lajes Field 38N46-27E05 sm-Santa Maria 36N56'50"-25W09'30" B: a-Porto Alegre, RS 30S01'25"-51W15'19" ag-Araguaína, TO 07S12-48W12 am-Amparo, SP 22S42-46W46 an-Anápolis, GO 16S15'25"-49W01'08" ap-Aparecida, SP 22S50'47"-45W13'13" ar-Araraquara, SP 21S48-48W11 b-Brasilia, Parque do Rodeador, DF 15S36'40"-48W07'53" be-Belém, PA 01S27-48W29 br-Braganca, PA 01S03'48"-46W46'24" bt-Belém, PA (Ondas Tropicais 5045) 01S22-48W21 bv-Boa Vista, RR 02N55'19"-60W42'38" c-Contagem/Belo Horizonte, MG 19S53'59"-44W03'16" ca-Campo Largo (Curitiba), PR 25S25'48"-49W23'49" cb-Camboriú, SC 27S02'25"-48W39'17" cc-Cáceres, MT 16S04'36"-57W38'27" cg-Campo Grande, MS 20S31'12"-54W35'00" Cg-Campo Grande, MS 20S27-54W37 cl-Cabedelo, PB cm-Campinas, SP 22S56'52"-47W01'05" cn-Congonhas, MG 20S30-43W52 co-Coari, AM 04S06'59"-63W07'31" cp-Cachoeira Paulista, SP 22S38'45"-45W04'42" Cp-Cachoeira Paulista, SP 22S38'39"-45W04'38" cs-Cruzeiro do Sul, Estrada do Aeroporto, AC 07S38-72W40 cu-Curitiba, PR 25S27'08"-49W06'50" cv-Cuiabá, MT 15S37'07"-56W05'52" c2-Curitiba, PR RB2 25S23'34"-49W10'04" E-Esteio (Porto Alegre), RS 29S49'41"-51W09'54" e-Esteio (Porto Alegre), RS 29S51'59"-51W06'11" f-Foz do Iguacu, PR 25S31'03"-54W30'30" fl-Florianópolis, SC 27S36'09"-48W31'51" fp-Florianópolis - Comboriú, SC 27S02'24"-48W39'17" g-Guarujá, SP 23S59'35"-46W15'23" gb-Guaíba (Porto Alegre), RS 29S59'50"-51W17'08" gc-Sao Gabriel de Cachoeira, AM 00S08-67W05 gm-Guajará-Mirim, RO 10S47-65W20 go-Goiânia, 16S39'30"-49W13'38" gu-Guarulhos, SP 23S26-46W25 h-Belo Horizonte, MG 19S58'34"-43W56'00" ib-Ibitinga, SP 21S46'20"-48W50'10" it-Itapevi, SP 23S30'39"-46W40'34" ld-Londrina, PR 23S20'16"-51W13'18" li-Limeira, SP 22S33'39"-47W25'08" lj-Lajeado, RS 29S28-51W58 lo-Londrina, PR 23S24'17"-51W09'19" m-Manaus AM 03S06-60W02 ma-Manaus - Radiodif.Amazonas, AM 03S08'16"-59W58'53" mc-Macapá, AP 00N03'50"-51W02'20" mg-Manaus - Radio Globo, AM 03S08'04"-59W58'39" mi-Marília, SP 22S13'33"-49W57'46" mm-São Mateus do Maranhão, Maranhão 04S02-44W28 mo-Mogi das Cruces, SP 23S30'55"-46W12'08" mr-Manaus - Radio Rio Mar, AM 03S07'18"-60W02'30" ob-Óbidos, PA 01S55-55W31 os-Osasco, SP 23S30'51"-46W35'39" pa-Parintins, AM 02S37-56W45 pc-Pocos da Caldas, MG 21S47'52"-46W32'26" pe-Petrolina, PE 09S24-40W30 pi-Piraquara (Curitiba), PR 25S23'34"-49W10'04" pv-Porto Velho, RO 08S47'45"-63W46'38" (4 dipolos em quadrado) r-Rio de Janeiro (Radio Globo), RJ 22S49'24"-43W05'49" rb-Rio Branco, AC 09S58-67W49 rc-Rio de Janeiro (Radio Capital), RJ 22S46'43"-43W00'56" re-Recife, PE 08S04-34W58 rj-Rio de Janeiro (Radio Relogio), RJ 22S46'41"-42W59'02" ro-Rio de Janeiro, Observatório Nacional, 22S53'45"-43W13'27" rp-Ribeirão Preto, SP 21S11-47W48 rs-Rio de Janeiro (Super Radio), RJ 22S49'22"-43W05'21" rw-Rio de Janeiro PWZ 22S57-42W55 sa-Santarém, PA 02S26'55"-54W43'58" sb-Sao Paulo - Radio Bandeirantes, SP 23S38'54"-46W36'02" sc-Sao Paulo - Radio Cultura, SP 23S30'42"-46W33'41" se-Senador Guiomard, AC 10S03-67W37 sg-Sao Paulo - Radio Globo, SP 23S36'26"-46W26'12" sj-Sao Paulo - Radio 9 de Julho, SP 23S32'51"-46W38'10" sm-Santa Maria, RS 29S44'18"-53W33'19" sr-Sao Paulo - Radio Record, SP 23S41'02"-46W44'35" sy-Sao Paulo PYB45 23S33-46W38 sz-Sao Paulo - Radio Gazeta, SP 23S40'10"-46W45'00" ta-Taubaté, SP 23S01-45W34 te-Teresina, PI 05S05'13"-42W45'39" tf-Tefé, AM 03S21'15"-64W42'41" vi-Vitória, ES 20S19-40W19 x-Xapuri, AC 10S39-68W30 xp-Unknown location in Paraíba, 07S10-36W50 xx-Unknown location BEL: o-Oostende 51N11-02E48 w-Wingene 51N11-02E49 BEN: c-Cotonou 06N28-02E21 p-Parakou 09N20-02E38 BER: h-Bermuda Harbour 32N23-64W41 BES: Bonaire 12N12-68W18 BFA: Ouagadougou 12N26-01W33 BGD: d-Dhaka-Dhamrai 23N54-90E12 k-Dhaka-Khabirpur 24N00-90E15 s-Dhaka-Savar 23N52-90E16 BHR: a-Abu Hayan 26N02-50E37 m-Al Muharraq 26N16-50E39 BIH: b-Bijeljina 44N42-19E10 z-Zavidovici 44N26-18E09 BIO: Diego Garcia 07S26-72E26 BLR: Minsk-Sasnovy/Kalodziscy 53N58-27E47 except: b-Brest 52N18-23E54 g-Hrodna/Grodno 53N40-23E50 m-Mahiliou/Mogilev ("Orsha") 53N37-30E20 mo-Molodechno 54N28-26E47 BOL: ay-Santa Ana del Yacuma 13S45-65W32 cb-Cochabamba 17S23-66W11 p-La Paz 16S30-68W08 ri-Riberalta 10S59'49"-66W04'01" sc-Santa Cruz 17S48-63W10 sz-Santa Cruz Airport 17S40-63W08 uy-Uyuni 20S28-66W49 yu-Yura 20S04-66W08 BOT: Mopeng Hill 21S57-27E39 BTN: Thimphu 27N28-89E39 BUL: bg-Blagoevgrad (864) 42N03-23E03 do-Doulovo (1161) 43N49-27E09 kj-Kardjali (963) 41N36-25E22 p-Plovdiv-Padarsko 42N23-24E52 pe-Petrich 41N28-23E20 s-Sofia-Kostinbrod 42N49-23E13 sa-Samuil (864) 43N32'06"-26E44'13" sl-Salmanovo (747) 43N11-26E58 tv-Targovishte (1161) 43N15-26E31 va-Varna 43N04-27E47 vi-Vidin 43N50-22E43 vk-Vakarel (261) 42N34-23E42 CAF: ba-Bangui 04N21-18E35 bo-Boali 04N39-18E12 CAN: ap-Amphitrite Point 48N55'31"-125W32'25" c-Calgary AB 50N54'02"-113W52'33" cb-Cambridge Bay 69N06'53"-105W01'11" cc-Churchill MB 58N45'42"-93W56'39" ch-Coral Harbour NU 64N09'01"-83W22'22" cr-Cap des Rosiers 48N51'40"-64W12'53" cw-Cartwright NL 53N42'30"-57W01'17" fg-CFG8525 ON 43N52-79W19 g-Gander NL 48N57-54W37 h-Halifax NS 44N41'03"-63W36'35" hd-Hopedale NL 55N27'24"-60W12'30" hp-Hunter Point 53N15'31"-132W42'53" and Digby Island 54N17'51"-130W25'06" hr-Hay River 60N50'27"-115W46'12" hx-Halifax CFH NS 44N57'50"-63W58'55" i-Iqaluit NU 63N43'42"-68W33'00" in-Inuvik NWT 68N19'33"-133W35'53" j-St John's NL 47N34'10"-52W48'52" k-Killiniq/Killinek NU 60N25'27"-64W50'30" lp-Lockeport NS 43N39'49"-65W07'47" lv-La Vernière, Îles-de-la-Madeleine QC 47N21'26"-61W55'36" na-Natashquan QC 50N08'40"-61W48'00" o-Ottawa ON 45N17'41"-75W45'29" pc-Port Caledonia NS 46N11'14"-59W53'59" r-Resolute NU 74N45'14"-94W58'09" sa-St Anthony NL 51N30'00"-55W49'26" sj-St John's NL 47N36'40"-52W40'01" sl-St Lawrence NL 46N55'09"-55W22'45" sm-Sambro NS 44N28'21"-63W37'13" sv-Stephenville NL 48N33'17"-58W45'32" t-Toronto (Mississauga/Clarkson) ON 43N30'23"-79W38'01" tr-Trenton 43N50'39"-77W08'47" v-Vancouver BC 49N08'21"-123W11'44" ym-Yarmouth/Chebogue NS 43N44'39"-66W07'21" CBG: ka-Kandal 11N25-104E50 CHL: Santiago (Calera de Tango) 33S38'36"-70W51'02" except: e-Radio Esperanza 38S41-72W35 pa-Punta Arenas 52S57-71W04 v-Valparaiso 32S48-71W28 CHN: a-Baoji-Xinjie (Shaanxi; CRI 150 kW; CNR2 9820) "722" 34N30-107E10 as-Baoji-Sifangshan (Shaanxi; CNR1,8) "724" 37N27-107E41 b-Beijing-Matoucun "572" (100 kW CNR1) 39N45-116E49 B-Beijing-Chaoyang/Gaobeidian/Shuangqiao "491" (CNR2-8) 39N53-116E34 bd-Beijing-Doudian (150/500 kW CRI) "564" 39N38-116E05 bm-Beijing BAF 39N54-116E28 bs-Beijing 3SD 39N42-115E55 c-Chengdu (Sichuan) 30N54-104E07 cc-Changchun "523" (Jilin) 44N01'44"-125E25'08" ch-Changzhou Henglinchen "623" (Jiangsu) 31N42'33"-120E06'44" d-Dongfang (Hainan) 18N53-108E39 da-Dalian 38N55-121E39 db-Dongfang-Basuo 19N06-108E37 e-Gejiu (Yunnan) 23N21-103E08 f-Fuzhou (Fujian) 26N06-119E24 fz-Fuzhou XSL (Fujian) 26N03-119E18 g-Gannan (Hezuo) 34N58'30"-102E55 gu-Gutian-Xincheng 26N34-118E44 gx-Guangzhou XSQ 23N09-113E29 gy-Guiyang 26N25-106E36 gz-Guangzhou-Huadu (Guangdong) 23N24-113E14 h-Hohhot "694" (Nei Menggu, CRI) 40N48-111E47 ha-Hailar (Nei Menggu) 49N11-119E43 hd-Huadian "763" (Jilin) 43N07-126E31 he-Hezuo 34N58'14"-102E54'32" hh-Hohhot-Yijianfang (Nei Menggu, PBS NM) 40N43-111E33 hk-Haikou (Hainan) 20N01-110E17 hu-Hutubi (Xinjiang) 44N10-86E54 j-Jinhua 29N07-119E19 k-Kunming-Anning CRI (Yunnan) 24N53-102E30 ka-Kashi (Kashgar) (Xinjiang) 39N21-75E46 kl-Kunming-Lantao PBS (Yunnan) 25N10-102E50 L-Lingshi "725" (Shanxi) 36N52-111E40 n-Nanning (Guangxi) "954" 22N47-108E11 nj-Nanjing (Jiangsu) 32N02-118E44 nm-Nei Menggu network, see http://www.asiawaves.net/ for details p-Pucheng (Shaanxi) 35N00-109E31 pt-Putian (Fujian) 25N28-119E10 q-Ge'ermu/Golmud "916" (Qinghai) 36N26-95E00 qq-Qiqihar 47N02-124E03 (500kW) s-Shijiazhuang "723" (Hebei; Nanpozhuang CRI 500 kW; Huikou CNR 100 kW) 38N13-114E06 sg-Shanghai-Taopuzhen 31N15-121E29 sh-Shanghai XSG 31N06-121E32 sn-Sanya (Hainan) 18N14-109E19 sq-Shangqiu (Henan) 34N56'54"-109E32'34" sy-Shuangyashan "128" (Heilongjiang) 46N43'19"-131E12'40" t-Tibet (Lhasa-Baiding "602") 29N39-91E15 tj-Tianjin 39N03'00"-117E25'30" u-Urumqi (Xinjiang, CRI) 44N08'47"-86E53'43" uc-Urumqi-Changji (Xinjiang, PBS XJ) 43N58'26"-87E14'56" x-Xian-Xianyang "594" (Shaanxi) 34N12-108E54 xc-Xichang (Sichuan) 27N49-102E14 xg-Xining (Qinghai) 36N39-101E35 xm-Xiamen (Fujian) 24N29'32"-118E04'23" xt-Xiangtan (Hunan) 27N30-112E30 xw-Xuanwei (Yunnan) 26N09-104E02 xx-Unknown site xy-Xingyang (Henan) 34N48-113E23 xz-Xinzhaicun (Fujian) 25N45-117E11 ya-Yanbian-Yanji (Jilin) 42N47'30"-129E29'18" zj-Zhanjiang (Guangdong) 21N11-110E24 zs-Mount Putuo, Xiaohulu Island, Zhoushan 30N00-122E23 CKH: rt-Rarotonga 21S12-159W49 CLM: b-Barranquilla 10N55-074W46 r-Rioblanco, Tolima 03N30-075W50 CLN: e-Ekala (SLBC,RJ) 07N06-79E54 i-Iranawila (IBB) 07N31-79E48 p-Puttalam 07N59-79E48 t-Trincomalee (DW) 08N44-81E10 CME: Buea 04N09-09E14 CNR: ar-Arrecife (Lanzarote) 29N08-13W31 fc-Fuencaliente (Las Palmas) gc-Gran Canaria airport 27N57-15W23 hr-Haría (Tenerife) lm-Las Mesas (Las Palmas) 28N06-15W28 COD: bk-Bukavu 02S30-28E50 bu-Bunia 01N32-30E11 COG: b-Brazzaville-M'Pila 04S15-15E18 pn-Pointe Noire 04S47-11E52 CTI: a-Abidjan 05N22-03W58 CTR: Cariari de Pococí (REE) 10N25-83W43 except: g-Guápiles (Canton de Pococí, Prov.de Limón) ELCOR 10N13-83W47 CUB: La Habana sites Quivicán/Bejucal/Bauta 23N00-82W30 b-Bauta 22N57-82W33 be-Bejucal hr-Havana Radio 23N10-82W19 q-Quivicán/Titan 22N50-82W18 CVA: Santa Maria di Galeria 42N03-12E19 except: v-Citta del Vaticano 41N54-12E27 CYP: cr-Cyprus Radio 35N03-33E17 g-Cape Greco 34N57-34E05 m-Lady's Mile 34N37-33E00 y-Yeni Iskele 35N17-33E55 CZE: b-Brno-Dobrochov 49N23-17E08 cb-Ceske Budejovice-Husova kolonie 48N59'34"-14E29'37" kv-Karlovy Vary-Stará Role 50N14'22"-12E49'26" mb-Moravské Budejovice-Domamil 49N04'35"-15E42'24" os-Ostrava-Svinov 49N48'41"-18E11'36" p-Praha 50N02-14E29 pl-Praha-Liblice 50N04'43"-14E53'13" D: al-Albersloh 51N53'11"-07E43'19" b-Biblis 49N41'18"-08E29'32" be-Berlin-Britz 52N27-13E26 br-Braunschweig 52N17-10E43 bu-Burg 52N17'13"-11E53'49" bv-Bonn-Venusberg 50N42'29"-07E05'48" d-Dillberg 49N19-11E23 dd-Dresden-Wilsdruff 51N03'31"-13E30'27" dt-Datteln 51N39-07E21 e-Erlangen-Tennenlohe 49N35-11E00 fl-Flensburg 54N47'30"-09E30'12" g-Goehren 53N32'08"-11E36'40" gl-Glücksburg 54N50-09E30 and Neuharlingersiel, Schortens, Hürup, Rostock, Marlow ha-Hannover 52N23-09E42 he-Hannover/Hemmingen 52N19'40"-09E44'12" hh-Hamburg-Moorfleet 53N31'09"-10E06'10" ht-Hartenstein (Sachsen) 50N40-12E40 jr-Juliusruh 54N37'45"-13E22'26" k-Kall-Krekel 50N28'41"-06E31'23" L-Lampertheim 49N36'17"-08E32'20" la-Langenberg 51N21'22"-07E08'03" li-Lingen 52N32'06"-07E21'11" mf-Mainflingen 50N00'56"-009E00'43" n-Nauen 52N38'55"-12E54'33" nh-Neuharlingersiel DHJ59 53N40'35"-07E36'45" nu-Nuernberg 49N27-11E05 or-Oranienburg 52N47-13E23 pi-Pinneberg 53N40'23"-09E48'30" r-Rohrbach 48N36-11E33 rf-Rhauderfehn 53N05-07E37 s-Stade 53N36-09E28 w-Wertachtal 48N05'13"-10E41'42" wa-Winsen (Aller) 52N40-09E46 wb-Wachenbrunn 50N29'08"-10E33'30" we-Weenermoor 53N12-07E19 DJI: Djibouti 11N30-43E00 DNK: bl-Blaavand 55N33-08E06 br-Bramming 55N28-08E42 bv-Bovbjerg 56N31-08E10 co-Copenhagen OXT 55N50-11E25 h-Hillerod 55N54-012E16 hv-Copenhagen Hvidovre 55N39-12E29 i-Copenhagen Ishøj 55N37-12E21 k-Kalundborg 55N40'35"-11E04'10" ra-Randers 56N28-10E02 ro-Ronne 55N02-15E06 sg-Skagen 57N44-10E34 sk-Skamlebaek 55N50-11E25 DOM: sd-Santo Domingo 18N28-69W53 E: af-Alfabia 39N44-02E43 ag-Aguilas 37N29-01W34 ar-Ares/Cabo Machichaco (Matxitxako) 43N27-02W45 as-La Asomada 37N38-00W58 bo-Boal c-Coruna 43N22'01"-08W27'07" cg-Cabo de Gata 36N43-02W12 cp-Chipiona 36N40-06W24 fi-Finisterre 42N54-09W16 gm-Torreta de Guardamar, Guardamar del Segura 38N04'18"-00W39'53" h-Huelva 37N12-07W01 jq-Jaizquibel mu-Muxía mx-Marratxí 39N38-02E40 n-Noblejas 39N57-03W26 pm-Palma de Mallorca 39N22-02E47 rq-Roquetas 36N44-02W38 rs-Rostrío/Cabo de Peñas 43N39-05W51 sb-Sabiner 36N41-02W42 ta-Tarifa 36N03-05W33 tj-Trijueque 40N47-02W59 to-Torrejón de Ardoz (Pegaso, Pavon, Brujo) 40N30-03W27 Jota,Polar-Zaragoza; Perseo-Alcala de los Gazules; Matador-Villatobas; Embargo-Soller vj-Vejer 36N16-06W01 EGY: a-Abis 31N10-30E05 al-Alexandria / Al-Iskandaria 31N12-29E54 ea-El Arish 31N06'43"-33E41'59" z-Abu Zaabal 30N16-31E22 EQA: a-Ambato 01S13-78W37 c-Pico Pichincha 00S11-78W32 g-Guayaquil 02S16-79W54 i-Ibarra 00N21-78W08 o-Otavalo 00N18-78W11 p-Pifo 00S14-78W20 s-Saraguro 03S42-79W18 t-Tena 01S00-77W48 u-Sucúa 02S28-78W10 ERI: Asmara-Saladaro 15N13-38E52 EST: ta-Tallinn Radio 59N27-24E45 tt-Tartu 58N25-27E06 tv-Tallinn Volmet 59N25-24E50 ETH: a-Addis Abeba 09N00-38E45 ad-Adama 08N32-39E16 b-Bahir Dar 11N36-37E23 d-Geja Dera (HS) 08N46-38E40 j-Geja Jewe (FS) 08N43-38E38 jj-Jijiga 09N21-42E48 m-Mekele 13N29-39E29 n-Nekemte 09N05-36E33 r-Robe 07N07-40E00 F: Issoudun 46N56-01E54 except: a-Allouis 47N10-02E12 cm-Col de la Madone 43N47-07E25 co-Corsen 48N25-04W48 g-La Garde 43N06'16"-05E59'29" gn-Gris-Nez 50N52-01E35 jb-Jobourg 49N41'05"-01W54'28" ma-Mont Angel/Fontbonne 43N46-07E25'30" r-Rennes 48N06-01W41 ro-Roumoules 43N47-06E09 sb-Strasbourg 48N14'59"-07E26'37" sg-Saint Guénolé 47N49-04W23 v-Favières FAV 48N32-01E14 wu-Rosnay (HWU) 46N43-01E14 FIN: ha-Hailuoto (Oulu) 65N00-24E44 he-Helsinki 60N09-24E44 hk-Hämeenkyrö mh-Mariehamn (Aland Islands) 60N06-19E56 o-Ovaniemi 60N10'49"-24E49'35" p-Pori 61N28-21E35 t-Topeno, Loppi, near Riihimäki 60N46-24E17 v-Virrat 62N23-23E37 va-Vaasa 63N05-21E36 FJI: n-Nadi-Enamanu 17S47'14"-177E25'20" FRO: t-Tórshavn 62N01-06W47 FSM: Pohnpei 06N58-158E12 G: ab-Aberdeen (Gregness) 57N07'39"-02W03'13" an-Anthorn 54N54'40"-03W16'50" cf-Collafirth (Shetland) 60N32-01W23 cp-London-Crystal Palace 51N25-00W05 cr-London-Croydon 51N25-00W05 ct-Croughton (Northants) 51N59'50"-01W12'33" d-Droitwich 52N18-02W06 fm-Falmouth (Lizard) 49N57'37"-05W12'06" hu-Humber (Flamborough) 54N07'00"-00W04'41" ic-Inskip (Lancashire) 53N50-02W50 and Crimond (Aberdeenshire) 57N37-01W53 nw-Northwood 51N30-00W10 o-Orfordness 52N06-01E35 p-Portland 50N36-02W27 r-Rampisham 50N48'30"-02W38'35" s-Skelton 54N44-02W54 sc-Shetland (Lerwick) 60N24'06"-01W13'27" sp-Saint Peter Port (Guernsey) 49N27-02W32 st-Stornoway (Butt of Lewis) 58N30'55"-06W15'40" ty-Tyree (Clyde) 56N30-06W59 w-Woofferton 52N19-02W43 wa-Washford (Somerset) 51N09'38"-03W20'55" GAB: Moyabi 01S40-13E31 GEO: s-Sukhumi 43N00-41E00 GNE: b-Bata 01N46-09E46 m-Malabo 03N45-08E47 GRC: a-Avlis 38N23-23E36 i-Iraklion 35N20-25E07 k-Kerkyra 39N37-19E55 L-Limnos (Myrina) 39N52-25E04 o-Olimpia 37N36'27"-21E29'15" r-Rhodos 36N25-28E13 GRL: aa-Aasiaat 68N41-52W50 ik-Ikerasassuaq (Prins Christian Sund) 60N00-44W00 ko-Kook Island 64N04-52W01 ma-Maniitsoq 65N25-52W54 n-Nuuk 64N10-51W44 pa-Paamiut 62N00-49W40 qa-Qaqortoq 60N43-46W02 qe-Qeqertarsuaq 69N15-53W33 si-Sisimiut 66N56-53W40 sq-Simiutaq 60N41-46W36 t-Tasiilaq/Ammassalik 65N36-37W38 up-Upernavik 72N47-56W09 uu-Uummannaq 70N40-52W08 GUF: Montsinery 04N54-52W29 GUI: c-Conakry-Sonfonia 09N41'10"-13W32'11" GUM: a-Station KSDA, Agat, 13N20'28"-144E38'56" an-Andersen Air Force Base 13N34-144E55 b-Barrigada 13N29-144E50 h-Agana HFDL site 13N28-144E48 m-Station KTWR, Agana/Merizo 13N16'38"-144E40'16" n-Naval station NPN GUY: Sparendaam 06N49-58W05 HKG: a-Hongkong Airport 22N18-113E55 m-Marine Rescue Radio VRC 22N17'24"-114E09'12" HND: t-Tegucigalpa 14N04-87W13 HNG: b-Budapest 47N30-19E03 g-Györ lh-Lakihegy 47N22-19E00 m-Marcali-Somogyszentpal p-Pecs-Kozarmisleny sz-Szolnok-Besenyszoegi ut HOL: b-Borculo 52N07-06E31 cg-Coast Guard Den Helder - Scheveningen 52N06-04E15 e-Elburg 52N26-05E52 he-Heerde 52N23-06E02 m-Margraten 50N48-05E48 xx-Secret pirate site zw-Zwolle 52N31-06E05 HRV: Deanovec 45N39-16E27 HWA: a-WWVH 21N59'21"-159W45'52" b-WWVH 21N59'11"-159W45'45" c-WWVH 21N59'18"-159W45'51" d-WWVH 21N59'15"-159W45'50" hi-Hickam AFB 21N19-157W55 ho-Honolulu/Iroquois Point 21N19'32"-157W59'31" L-Lualualei 21N25'12"-158W08'54"W m-Moloka'i 21N11-157W11 n-Naalehu 19N01-155W40 nm-NMO Honolulu/Maili 21N25'41"-158W09'11" p-Pearl Harbour 21N25'41"-158W09'11" I: a-Andrate 45N31-07E53 an-Ancona IPA 43N36-13E28 au-Augusta IQA 37N14-15E14 b-San Benedetto de Tronto IQP 42N57-13E53 ba-Bari IPB 41N05-16E59 cg-Cagliari IDC 39N14-09E14 cv-Civitavecchia IPD 42N02-11E50 eu-Radio Europa, NW Italy ge-Genova ICB 44N26-08E56 kr-Crotone IPC 39N03-17E08 li-Livorno IPL 43N30-10E20 lm-Lampedusa IQN 35N30-12E36 me-Messina IDF 38N11-15E33 mz-Mazara del Vallo IQQ 37N39-12E35 na-Napoli IQH 40N51-14E14 p-Padova 45N09-11E42 pa-Palermo IPP 38N08-13E23 pt-Porto Torres IZN 40N50-08E24 r-Roma 41N48-12E31 ra-Roma IMB 41N47-12E28 si-Sigonella (Sicilia) 37N24-14E55 sr-Santa Rosa (Maritele), Roma 41N59-12E22 sy-NSY 37N07-14E26 t-Trieste IQX 45N40-13E46 v-Viareggio, Toscana 43N54-10E17 xx-Secret pirate site IND: a-Aligarh (4x250kW) 28N00-78E06 ah-Ahmedabad 22N52-72E37 az-Aizawl(10kW) 23N43-92E43 b-Bengaluru-Doddaballapur (Bangalore) 13N14-77E30 bh-Bhopal(50kW) 23N10-77E30 c-Chennai (Madras) 13N08-80E07 d-Delhi (Kingsway) 28N43-77E12 dn-Delhi-Nangli Poona 28N46-77E08 g-Gorakhpur 26N52-83E28 gt-Gangtok 27N22-88E37 hy-Hyderabad 17N20-78E33 im-Imphal 24N37-93E54 it-Itanagar 27N04-93E36 j-Jalandhar 31N19-75E18 ja-Jaipur 26N54-75E45 je-Jeypore 18N55-82E34 jm-Jammu 32N45-75E00 k-Kham Pur, Delhi 110036 (Khampur) 28N49-77E08 kc-Kolkata-Chandi 22N22-88E17 kh-Kohima 25N39-94E06 ko-Kolkata(Calcutta)-Chinsurah 23N01-88E21 ku-Kurseong 26N55-88E19 kv-Kolkata Volmet 22N39-88E27 le-Leh 34N08-77E29 lu-Lucknow 26N53-81E03 m-Mumbai (Bombay) 19N11-72E49 mv-Mumbai Volmet 19N06-72E52 n-Nagpur, Maharashtra 20N54-78E59 nj-Najibabad, Uttar Pradesh 29N38-78E23 p-Panaji (Goa) 15N31-73E52 pb-Port Blair-Brookshabad 11N37-92E45 r-Rajkot 22N22-70E41 ra-Ranchi 23N24-85E22 sg-Shillong 25N26-91E49 si-Siliguri 26N46-88E26 sm-Shimla 31N06-77E09 sr-Srinagar 34N00-74E50 su-Suratgarh (Rajasthan) 29N18-73E55 t-Tuticorin (Tamil Nadu) 08N49-78E05 tv-Thiruvananthapuram(Trivendrum) 08N29-76E59 v-Vijayanarayanam (Tamil Nadu) 08N23-77E45 vs-Vishakapatnam (Andhra Pradesh) 17N43-83E18 w-Guwahati (1x200kW, 1x50kW) 26N11-91E50 INS: bi-Biak, Papua 01S00-135E30 bu-Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat 00S18-100E22 bw-Belawan, Medan, Sumatera 03N47-98E41 f-Fakfak, Irian Jaya Barat 02S55-132E17 g-Gorontalo, Sulawesi 00N34-123E04 j-Jakarta (Cimanggis) 06S12-106E51 jm-Jambi, Sumatera 01S38-103E34 kd-Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara 03S58-122E30 md-Manado, Sulawesi Utara 01N12-124E54 mk-Manokwari, Irian Jaya Barat 00S48-134E00 mr-Merauke, Papua 08S33-140E27 ms-Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 05S10-119E25 n-Nabire, Papua 03S15-135E36 p-Palangkaraya, Kalimantan Tengah 00S11-113E54 pa-Palu, Sulawesi Tengah 00S36-129E36 pd-Padang, Sumatera Barat 00S06-100E21 pk-Pontianak 00S05-109E16 se-Serui, Japen, Papua 01S48-136E26 sm-Simalungun, Sumatera so-Sorong, Papua 00S52-131E25 t-Ternate, Maluku Utara 00N48-127E23 w-Wamena, Papua 04S06-138E56 IRL: mh-Malin Head 55N22'19"-07W20'21" s-Shannon 52N42'32"-08W54'47" v-Valentia 51N55-10W19 xx-Secret pirate site IRN: a-Ahwaz 31N20-48E40 b-Bandar-e Torkeman 36N54-54E04 bb-Bonab 37N18-46E03 c-Chah Bahar 25N29-60E32 j-Jolfa 38N56-45E36 k-Kamalabad 35N46-51E27 ke-Kish Island 26N34-53E56 ki-Kiashar 37N24-50E01 m-Mashhad 36N15-59E33 mh-Bandar-e Mahshahr 30N37-49E12 q-Qasr Shirin 34N27-45E37 s-Sirjan 29N27-55E41 t-Tayebad 34N44-60E48 z-Zahedan 29N28-60E53 zb-Zabol 31N02-61E33 IRQ: d-Salah al-Din (Saladin) 34N27-43E35 s-Sulaimaniya 35N33-45E26 ISL: f-Fjallabyggd 66N09-18W55 g-Keflavik/Grindavik 64N01-22W34 n-Neskaupstadur 65N08-13W44 r-Reykjavik Aero/HFDL 64N05-21W51 v-Vestmannaeyjar 63N27-20W16 ISR: h-Haifa 32N49-35E00 ii-Unknown 1224 L-Lod (Galei Zahal) 31N58-34E52 sy-She'ar-Yeshuv 33N12'55"-35E38'41" y-Yavne 31N54-34E45 J: ao-Aonoyama Signal Station, Utazu (Kagawa) 34N18-133E49 as-Asahikawa AF JJU22 43N48-142E22 ay-Ashiya AB JJZ59 33N53-130E39 c-Chiba Nagara 35N28-140E13 ct-Chitose AB, Hokkaido JJR20 42N48-141E40 es-Esaki Signal Station (Osaka Bay), Awaji island (Hyogo) 34N35'54"-134E59'32" f-Chofu Campus, Tokyo 35N39-139E33 fu-Fuchu AB JJT55 35N41-139E30 gf-Gifu AB JJV67 35N24-136E52 h-Mount Hagane 33N27'54"-130E10'32" hf-Hofu / Bofu AB JJX36 34N02-131E33 hm-Hamamatsu AB JJV56 34N45-137E42 hy-Hyakurigahara AB JJT33 36N11-140E25 io-Imabari Ohama Vessel Station (Kurushima), Imabari (Ehime) 34N05'25"-132E59'16" ir-Iruma / Irumagawa AB JJT44 35N51-139E25 it-Itoman, Okinawa JFE 26N09-127E40 iw-Isewan Signal Station, Cape Irago, Tahara (Aichi) 34N35-137E01 k-Kagoshima JMH 31N19-130E31 kg-Kumagaya AB JJT66 36N10-139E19 ki-Kisarazu AB JJT22 35N24-139E55 kk-Komaki AB (Nagoya) JJV23 35N15-136E55 km-Kume Shima / Kumejina, Okinawa JJU66 26N22-126E43 kn-Kanmon Oseto Strait Signal Station, 33N55-130E56 ko-Komatsu AB JJV90 36N24-136E24 ks-Kasuga AB JJZ37 33N32-130E28 ku-Kumamoto JJE20 32N50-130E51 ky-Kyodo 36N11-139E51 kz-Kannonzaki Signal Station, Yokosuka (Kanagawa) 35N15'22"-139E44'36" m-Miura 35N08'23"-139E38'32" mh-Miho AB, Yonago JJX25 35N30-133E14 ms-Misawa AB JJS21 40N42-141E22 mt-Matsushima AB JJS32 38N24-141E13 mu-Muroto (Kochi, Shikoku) 33N17-134E09 mz-Makurazaki (Kagoshima, Kyushu) 31N16-130E18 n-Nemuro 43N18-145E34 nh-Naha AB, Okinawa 26N12-127E39 nk-Nagoya Kinjo Signal Station, Nagoya (Aichi) 35N02'06"-136E50'47" nr-Nara JJW24 34N34-135E46 ny-Nyutabaru AB JJZ26 32N05-131E27 o-Mount Otakadoya 37N22'22"-140E50'56" oe-Okinoerabu JJZ44 27N26-128E42 ok-Okinawa 26N29-127E56 os-Osaka JJD20 34N47-135E26 ot-Otaru, Hokkaido JJS65 43N11-141E00 sa-Sapporo / Chitose AB JJA20 42N47-141E40 sn-Sendai / Kasuminome AB JJB20 38N14-140E55 sz-Shizuoka 34N59-138E23 tk-Tokyo / Tachikawa AF JJC20 JJT88 35N43-139E24 ts-Tsuiki AB JJZ48 33N41-131E02 tv-Tokyo Volmet, Kagoshima Broadcasting Station 31N43-130E44 xx-Unknown site y-Yamata 36N10-139E50 yo-Yokota AFB 35N44'55"-139E20'55" yz-Yozadake (Okinawa) 26N08-127E42 JOR: Al Karanah / Qast Kherane 31N44-36E26 KAZ: a-Almaty 43N15-76E55 ak-Aktyubinsk/Aktöbe 50N15-57E13 av-Almaty Volmet 43N20-77E01 KEN: ny-Nairobi 5YE 01S15-36E52 KGZ: b-Bishkek (Krasnaya Rechka) 42N53-74E59 bk- Bishkek Beta 43N04-73E39 KOR: c-Chuncheon 37N56-127E46 d-Dangjin 36N58-126E37 db-Daebu-do (Ansan) 37N13'14"-126E33'29" g-Goyang / Koyang, Gyeonggi-do / Kyonggi-do 37N36-126E51 h-Hwasung/Hwaseong 37N13-126E47 j-Jeju/Aewol HLAZ 33N29-126E23 k-Kimjae 35N50-126E50 m-Muan HFDL 35N1'56"-126E14'19" n-Hwaseong? 37N13-126E47 o-Suwon-Osan/Hwaseong-Jeongnam 37N09-127E00 s-Seoul-Incheon HLKX 37N25-126E45 sg-Seoul-Gangseo-gu 37N34-126E58 t-Taedok 36N23-127E22 w-Nowon Gyeonggi-do / Seoul-Taereung 37N38-127E07 xx-Unknown site KRE: c-Chongjin 41N47-129E50 e-Hyesan 41N04-128E02 h-Hamhung 39N56-127E39 hw-Hwadae/Kimchaek 40N41-129E12 j-Haeju 38N01-125E43 k-Kanggye 40N58-126E36 kn-Kangnam 38N54-125E39 p-Pyongyang 39N05-125E23 s-Sariwon 38N05-125E08 sg-Samgo 38N02-126E32 sn-Sinuiju 40N05-124E27 sw-Sangwon 38N51-125E31 u-Kujang 40N05-126E05 w-Wonsan 39N05-127E25 y-Pyongsong 40N05-124E24 KWT: j-Jahra/Umm al-Rimam 29N30-47E40 k-Kabd/Sulaibiyah 29N09-47E46 kw-Kuwait 29N23-47E39 LAO: s-Sam Neua 20N16-104E04 v-Vientiane 17N58-102E33 LBR: e-Monrovia ELWA 06N14-10W42 m-Monrovia Mamba Point 06N19-10W49 s-Star Radio Monrovia 06N18-10W47 LBY: Sabrata 32N54-13E11 LTU: Sitkunai 55N02'37"-23E48'28" except: v-Viesintos 55N42-24E59 LUX: j-Junglinster 49N43-06E15 m-Marnach 50N03-06E05 LVA: Ulbroka 56N56-24E17 MAU: m-Malherbes 20S20'28"-57E30'46" MDA: Maiac near Grigoriopol 47N17-29E24 MDG: Talata Volonondry 18S50-47E35 except: a-Ambohidrano/Sabotsy 18S55-47E32 m-Mahajanga (WCBC) 15S43'38"-46E26'45" MDR: ps-Porto Santo 33N04-16W21 MEX: c-Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City 19N26-99W09 e-Mexico City (Radio Educación) 19N16-99W03 i-Iztacalco, Mexico City 19N23-98W57 m-Merida 20N58-89W36 mz-Mazatlan pr-Progreso 21N16-89W47 s-San Luis Potosi 22N10-101W00 p-Chiapas 17N00-92W00 u-UNAM, Mexico City 19N23-99W10 vh-Villahermosa, Tabasco 18N00-93W00 MLA: ka-Kajang 03N01-101E46 kk-Kota Kinabalu 06N12-116E14 ku-Kuching-Stapok (closed 2011) 01N33-110E20 l-Lumut 04N14-100E38 s-Sibu 02N18-111E49 MLI: c-CRI-Bamako 12N41-08W02 k-Kati(Bamako) 12N45-08W03 MLT: mr-Malta Radio 35N49-14E32 MNE: oc-Ocas 42N01-19E08 MNG: a-Altay 46N19-096E15 c-Choybalsan m-Moron/Mörön 49N37-100E10 u-Ulaanbaatar-Khonkhor 47N55-107E00 MRA: m-Marpi, Saipan (KFBS) 15N16-145E48 s-Saipan/Agingan Point (IBB) 15N07-145E41 t-Tinian (IBB) 15N03-145E36 MRC: ag-Agadir 30N22-09W33 b-Briech (VoA/RL/RFE) 35N33-05W58 ca-Casablanca 33N37-07W38 L-Laayoune (UN 6678) 27N09-13W13 n-Nador (RTM,Medi1) 34N58-02W55 s-Safi 32N18-09W14 MRT: fc-Fort-de-France CROSS 14N36-61W05 MTN: Nouakchott 18N07-15W57 MYA: n-Naypyidaw 20N11-96E08 p-Phin Oo Lwin, Mandalay 22N01-96E33 t-Taunggyi(Kalaw) 20N38-96E35 y-Yegu (Yangon/Rangoon) 16N52-96E10 NGR: Niamey 13N30-02E06 NIG: a-Abuja-Gwagwalada 08N56-07E04 b-Ibadan 07N23-03E54 e-Enugu 06N27-07E27 i-Ikorodu 06N36-03E30 j-Abuja-Lugbe (new site, opened March 2012) 08N58-07E21 k-Kaduna 10N31-07E25 NMB: wb-Walvis Bay 23S05-14E38 NOR: a-Andenes 69N16'08"-16E02'26" as-Andenes-Saura 69N08'24"-16E01'12" at-Andenes (Telenor site) 69N17-16E03 be-Bergen (LLE station, Erdal, Askoy Island) 60N26-05E13 bo-Bodø bv-Berlevåg 70N52-29E04 e-Erdal 60N26'56"-05E12'59" f-Florø 61N36-05E02 fs-Farsund 58N05-06E47 hf-Hammerfest 70N40-23E41 jm-Jan Mayen Island 71N00-08W30 ly-Longyearbyen, Svalbard 78N04-13E37 ma-Marøy 60N42-04E53 no-Novik 66N58'58"-13E52'23"E or-Ørlandet 63N41-09E39 ro-Rogaland (Vigreskogen) 58N39-05E35 sa-Sandnessjøen 66N01-12E38 tj-Tjøme va-Vardø 70N22-31E06 NPL: Khumaltar 27N30-85E30 NZL: a-Auckland (Wiroa Island) 37S01-174E49 du-Dunedin 45S52-170E30 r-Rangitaiki 38S50-176E25 ru-Russell 35S17-174E07 t-Taupo 38S52-176E26 OCE: fa-Faa'a airport 17S33-149W37 ma-Mahina 17S30-149W29 OMA: a-A'Seela 21N55-59E37 s-Seeb 23N40-58E10 t-Thumrait 17N38-53E56 PAK: i-Islamabad 33N27-73E12 kv-Karachi Volmet 24N54-67E10 m-Multan 30N05'22"-71E29'30" p-Peshawar 34N00-71E30 q-Quetta 30N15-67E00 r-Rawalpindi 33N30-73E00 PHL: b-Bocaue (FEBC) 14N48-120E55 dv-Davao City, Mindanao 07N05-125E36 i-Iba (FEBC) 15N20-119E58 ko-Koronadal City, Mindanao 06N31-124E49 m-Marulas/Quezon City, Valenzuela (PBS 6170,9581) 14N41-120E58 p-Palauig, Zembales (RVA) 15N28-119E50 po-Poro 16N26-120E17 sc-Santiago City, Luzon 16N42-121E36 t-Tinang (VoA) 15N21-120E37 x-Tinang-2/portable 50kW (VoA) 15N21-120E37 zm-Zamboanga City, Mindanao 06N55-122E07 PLW: Koror-Babeldaob (Medorn) 07N27'22"-134E28'24" PNG: a-Alotau 10S18-150E28 b-Bougainville/Buka-Kubu 05S25-154E40 d-Daru 09S05-143E10 g-Goroka 06S02-145E22 ka-Kavieng 02S34-150E48 kb-Kimbe 05S33-150E09 ke-Kerema 07S59-145E46 ki-Kiunga 06S07-141E18 ku-Kundiawa 06S00-144E57 la-Lae (Morobe) 06S44-147E00 lo-Lorengau 02S01-147E15 ma-Madang 05S14-145E45 me-Mendi 06S13-143E39 mh-Mount Hagen 05S54-144E13 pm-Port Moresby (Waigani) 09S28-147E11 pr-Port Moresby Maritime Radio 09S28-147E11 po-Popondetta 08S45-148E15 r-Rabaul 04S13-152E13 v-Vanimo 02S40-141E17 va-Vanimo 02S41-141E18 wa-Port Moresby (Radio Wantok) 09S28-147E11 ww-Wewak 03S35-143E40 PNR: al-Albrook, Panama City 08N58'08"-79W33'03" POL: p-Puchaly, in Falenty 52N08'37"-20E54 sk-Solec Kujawski 53N01'13"-18E15'44" w-Witowo 54N33-16E32 POR: ms-Monsanto 38N44-09W11 PRG: c-Capiatá 25S24-57W28 f-Filadelfia 22S21-60W02 PRU: ar-Arequipa 16S25-71W32 at-Atalaya 10S43'48"-73W45'20" bv-Bolívar 07S21-77W50 cc-Chiclayo/Santa Ana (Carretera a Lambayeque) 06S44-79W51 ce-Celendín 06S53-78W09 ch-Chachapoyas 06S14-77W52 cl-Callalli 15S30-71W26 cp-Cerre de Pasco 10S40-76W15 ct-Chota 06S33-78W39 cu-Cuzco-Cerro Oscollo 13S31'08"-72W00'37" cz-Chazuta/Tarapoto, San Martin 06S34-76W08 hb-Huancabamba 05S14-79W27 hc-Huancayo/Viques 12S12'06"-75W13'11" ho-Huánuco 09S56-76W14 ht-Huanta/Tirapampa 12S57-74W15 hu-Huanta/Vista Alegre (Pasaje Amauta) 12S56'12"-74W15'10" hv-Huancavelica 12S47-74W59 hz-Huaraz 09S31-77W32 in-Chau Alto/Independencia, Huarez, Ancash (planned for 6090 kHz in 2015/16) 09S31'05"-77W32'57" iq-Iquitos/Moronacocha 03S45-73W16 ja-Jaén 05S45-78W51 ju-Junín/Cuncush 11S10-76W00 li-Lima 12S06-77W03 or-La Oroya 11S32-75W54 pc-Paucartambo 10S54-75W51 pm-Puerto Maldonado 12S36-69W10 qb-Quillabamba/Macamango 12S52-72W42 qt-Quillabamba/Tiobamba Baja 12S49-72W41 rm-Rodrigues de Mendoza 06S23-77W30 sc-Santa Cruz (R Satelite) 06S41-79W02 si-Sicuani 14S16-71W14 su-Santiago de Chuco 08S09-78W11 ta-Tarma/Cerro Penitencia 11S24'32"-75W41'31" tc-Tacna 18S00-70W13 ur-valle de Urubamba, Cusco 13S21-72W07 yu-Yurimaguas 05S54-76W07 PTR: i-Isabela 18N23-67W11 s-Salinas, Camp Santiago 17N59-66E18 QAT: dr-Doha Radio 25N42-16E32 REU: su-Sainte-Suzanne 20S54'36"-55E35'05" ROU: c-Constanta 44N06-28E37 g-Galbeni 46N45-26E41 s-Saftica 100kW 44N38-27E05 t-Tiganesti 300kW 44N45-26E05 RRW: Kigali 01S55-30E07 RUS: a-Armavir/Tblisskaya/Krasnodar 45N29-40E07 ak-Arkhangelsk Beta 64N24-41E32 ar-Arkhangelsk 64N22-41E24 as-Astrakhan Military Base 47N25-47E55 b-Blagoveshchensk (Amur) 50N16-127E33 bo-Bolotnoye, Novosibirsk oblast 55N45'22"-84E26'52" B1-Buzzer sites: Kerro (St Petersburg) 60N18'40"-30E16'40" B2-Buzzer sites: Naro-Fominsk (Moscow) 55N25'35"-36E42'33" c-Chita (Atamanovka) (S Siberia) 51N50-113E43 cb-Cheboksary ek-Yekaterinburg gr-Grozny 43N16-45E43 i-Irkutsk (Angarsk) (S Siberia) 52N25-103E40 io-Ioshkar-Ola iv-Irkutsk Volmet 52N16-104E23 iz-Izhevsk sites 56N50-53E15 k-Kaliningrad-Bolshakovo 54N54-21E43 ka-Komsomolsk-na-Amur (Far East) 50N39-136E55 kd-Krasnodar Beta 44N36-39E34 kf-Krasnoyarsk HFDL site 56N06-92E18 kg-Kaliningrad Radio UIW23 54N43-20E44 kh-Khabarovsk (Far East) 48N33-135E15 kl-Kaliningrad Military Base 54N39-19E55 kp-Krasnodar-Poltovskaya 45N24'18"-38E09'29" kr-Krasnoyarsk 56N02-92E44 ku-Kurovskaya-Avsyunino (near Moscow) 55N34-39E09 kv-Kirensk Volmet 57N46-108E04 ky-Kyzyl 51N41-94E36 kz-Kazan L-Lesnoy (near Moscow) 56N04-37E58 m-Moscow/Moskva (one of ku,L,se,t) 55N45-37E18 ma-Magadan/Arman 59N42-150E10 mg-Magadan Military Base 59N42-150E10 mm-Murmansk Meteo 69N00-33E00 mr-Moscow-Razdory 55N45-37E18 mt-MTUSI University, Moscow 55N45'15"-37E42'43" mu-Murmansk/Monchegorsk 67N55-32E59 mv-Magadan Volmet 59N55-150E43 n-Novosibirsk / Oyash, (500 kW, 1000 kW) 55N31-83E45 nk-Nizhnekamsk nn-Nizhni Novgorod sites 56N11-43E58 no-Novosibirsk City (100 kW, 200 kW) 55N04-82E58 nv-Novosibirsk sites 55N01-82E40 or-Orenburg p-Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskij (Yelizovo) 53N11-158E24 pe-Perm 58N03-56E14 pk-Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskij Military Base 53N10-158E27 pt-Sankt Peterburg Military Base 60N00-30E00 pu-Puteyets, Pechora, Rep.Komi 65N10-57E05 pv-Sankt Peterburg Volmet 59N48-30E15 re-Revda 68N02'08"-34E31'00" ro-Rossosh, Voronezhskaya oblast 50N12-39E35 rp-Rostov-na-Donu 47N14-39E45 rv-Rostov Volmet, Rostov-na-Donu 47N15-39E48 s-Samara (Zhygulevsk) 53N17-50E15 sa-Samara Centre 53N12-50E10 se-Sevastopol 44N56-34E28 sk-Smolensk 54N47-32E03 sm-Severomorsk/Arkhangelsk Military Base 69N03-33E19 so-Sochi sp-St.Petersburg (Popovka/Krasnyj Bor) 59N39-30E42 sr-Sevastopol Radio 44N34-33E32 sv-Samara sites 53N30-50E09 sy-Syktyvkar Volmet 61N39-50E51 sz-Syzran t-Taldom - Severnyj, Radiotsentr 3 (near Moscow) 56N44-37E38 to-Togliatti tv-Tavrichanka (Vladivostok, 549, 1377) 43N20-131E54 ty-Tyumen Volmet 57N11-65E19 u-Ulan-Ude 51N44-107E26 uf-Ufa us-Ulan-Ude/Selenginsk 52N02-106E56 v-Vladivostok Razdolnoye (Ussuriysk) 43N32-131E57 vl-Vladivostok Military Base 43N07-131E54 vo-Volgograd xe-Khabarovsk-Elban 50N04'24"-136E36'24" xv-Khabarovsk Volmet 48N31-135E10 xx-Unknown site(s) xy-Ship position given as "99123 10456" meaning 12.3N-45.6E ya-Yakutsk/Tulagino 62N01-129E48 ys-Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (Vestochka) 46N55-142E54 yv-Yekaterinburg Volmet 56N45-60E48 yy-Yakutsk Volmet 62N05-129E46 S: b-Bjuröklubb 64N28-21E35 d-Delsbo 61N48-16E33 gr-Grimeton (Göteborg) 57N40-11E50 gs-Gislövshammar 55N29-14E19 h-Härnösand 62N38-17E56 k-Kvarnberget-Vallentuna 59N30-18E08 s-Sala 59N36'25"-17E12'44" st-Stavsnäs 59N17-18E41 t-Tingstäde 57N44-18E37 v-Vaxholm, The Castle 59N24-18E21 vb-Varberg 57N07'28"-12E14'09" SDN: a-Al-Aitahab 15N35-32E26 r-Reiba 13N33-33E31 SEN: r-Rufisque DIRISI 14N46-17W16 SEY: mh-Mahe 04S37-55E26 SLM: Honiara 09S26-160E03 SNG: Kranji 01N25-103E44 except: j-Jurong 01N16-103E40 v-Singapore Volmet 01N20-103E59 SOM: b-Baydhabo 03N07-43E39 g-Garoowe 08N24-48E29 h-Hargeisa 09N33-44E03 ma-Mogadishu Airport 02N01-45E18 SRB: s-Stubline 44N34-20E09 SSD: n-Narus 04N46-33E35 STP: Pinheira 00N18-06E42 SUI: be-Bern Radio HEB, Prangins 46N24-06E15 lu-Luzern (approx; Ampegon?) 46N50-08E24 SUR: pm-Paramaribo 05N51-55W09 SVK: Rimavska Sobota 48N24-20E08 SWZ: Manzini/Mpangela Ranch 26S34-31E59 SYR: Adra 33N27-36E30 TCD: N'Djamena-Gredia 12N08-15E03 THA: b-Bangkok / Prathum Thani 14N03-100E43 bm-Bangkok Meteo 13N44-100E30 bv-Bangkok Volmet 13N41'40"-100E46'14" hy-Hat Yai 06N56'11"-100E23'18" n-Nakhon Sawan 15N49-100E04 u-Udon Thani 17N25-102E48 TJK: y-Yangi Yul (Dushanbe) 38N29-68E48 o-Orzu 37N32-68E42 TKM: a-Asgabat 37N51-58E22 s-Seyda/Seidi 39N28'16"-62E43'07" TRD: np-North Post 10N45-61W34 TUN: bz-Bizerte 37N17-09E53 gu-La Goulette 36N49-10E18 ke-Kelibia 36N50-11E05 mh-Mahdia 35N31-11E04 s-Sfax 34N48-10E53 sf-Sfax 34N44-10E44 tb-Tabarka 36N57-08E45 tu-Tunis 36N54-10E11 zz-Zarzis 33N30-11E06 TUR: a-Ankara 39N55-32E51 c-Cakirlar 39N58-32E40 e-Emirler 39N29-32E51 is-Istanbul TAH 40N59-28E49 m-Mersin 36N48-34E38 TWN: f-Fangliao FAN 22N23-120E34 h-Huwei (Yunlin province) 23N43-120E25 k-Kouhu (Yunlin province) 23N32-120E10 L-Lukang 24N03-120E25 m-Minhsiung (Chiayi province) 23N34-120E25 n-Tainan/Annan (Tainan city) 23N02-120E10 p-Paochung/Baujong (Yunlin province) PAO/BAJ 23N43-120E18 pe-Penghu (Pescadores), Jiangmei 23N38-119E36 q-Tainan-Qigu/Cigu, Mount Wufen (Central Weather Bureau) s-Danshui/Tanshui/Tamsui (Taipei province) 25N11-121E25 t-Taipei (Pali) 25N06-121E26 w-Taipei, Mount Wufen (Central Weather Bureau) 25N09-121E34 y-Kuanyin (Han Sheng) 25N02-121E06 yl-Yilin 24N45-121E44 TZA: d-Daressalam 06S50-39E14 z-Zanzibar/Dole 06S05-39E14 UAE: Dhabbaya 24N11-54E14 UGA: k-Kampala-Bugolobi 00N20-32E36 m-Mukono 00N21-32E46 UKR: be-Berdiansk 46N38-36E46 c-Chernivtsi 48N18-25E50 k-Kiev/Brovary 50N31-30E46 L-Lviv (Krasne) (Russian name: Lvov) 49N51-24E40 m-Mykolaiv (Kopani) (Russian name:Nikolayev) 46N49-32E14 od-Odessa 46N29-30E44 pe-Petrivka 46N54-30E43 rv-Rivne 50N37-26E15 x-Kharkiv (Taranivka) (Russian name: Kharkov) 49N38-36E07 xx-Unknown site(s) z-Zaporizhzhya 47N50-35E08 URG: lp-La Paloma 34S39-54W08 m-Montevideo 34S50-56W15 pc-Punta Carretas 34S48-56W21 pe-Punta del Este 34S58-54W51 rb-Rio Branco 32S34-53W23 t-Tacuarembó 31S38-55W58 tr-Trouville 34S52-56W18 USA: a-Andrews AFB, MD 38N48'39"-76W52'01" b-Birmingham / Vandiver, AL (WEWN) 33N30'13"-86W28'27" ba-WBMD Baltimore, MD 39N19'26"-76W32'56" bg-Barnegat, NJ 39N45-74W23'30" bo-Boston, MA 41N42'30"-70W33'00" bt-Bethel, PA (WMLK) 40N28'46"-76W16'47" c-Cypress Creek, SC (WHRI) 32N41'03"-81W07'50" ch-Chesapeake - Pungo Airfield, VA 36N40'40"-76W01'40" cu-Cutler, ME 44N38-67W17 da-Davidsonville, MD ds-Destin, FL 30N23-86W26 dv-Dover, NC (KNC) 35N13'01"-77W26'18" dx-Dixon, CA 38N22'46"-121W45'50" ej-Ellijay, GA (KJM) 34N38'08"-84W27'44" fa-Fort Collins, CO 40N40'55"-105W02'31" fb-Fort Collins, CO 40N40'42"-105W02'25" fc-Fort Collins, CO 40N40'48"-105W02'25" fd-Fort Collins, CO 40N40'45"-105W02'25" fe-Fort Collins, CO 40N40'53"-105W02'29" ff-Fort Collins, CO 40N40'41"-105W02'49" fg-Fort Collins, CO 40N40'51"-105W02'33" fv-Forest, VA 37N23'42"-79W12'35" g-Greenville, NC 35N28-77W12 hw-KWHW Altus, OK 34N37'35"-99W20'10" jc-Jim Creek, WA 48N12-121W55 k-Key Saddlebunch, FL 24N39-81W36 L-Lebanon, TN (WTWW) 36N16'35"-86W05'58" LL-Lakeland, FL (WCY) 27N58'53"-082W03'05" lm-Lamoure, ND 46N22-98W20 m-Miami / Hialeah Gardens, FL (WRMI) 25N54'00"-80W21'49" ma-Manchester / Morrison, TN (WWRB) 35N37'27'-86W00'52" mi-Milton, FL (WJHR) 30N39'03"-87W05'27" mo-Mobile, AL (WLO) 30N35'42"-88W13'17" n-Nashville, TN (WWCR) 36N12'30"-86W53'38" nm-NMG New Orleans, LA 29N53'04"-89W56'43" no-New Orleans, LA (WRNO) 29N50'10"-90W06'57" np-Newport, NC (WTJC) 34N46'41"-76W52'37" o-Okeechobee, FL (WYFR) 27N27'30"-80W56'00" of-Offutt AFB, NE 41N06'49"-95W55'42" q-Monticello, ME (WBCQ) 46N20'30"-67W49'40" pg-Punta Gorda, FL (KPK) 26N53'39"-82W03'35" pr-Point Reyes, CA 37N55'32"-122W43'52" rh-Riverhead, Long Island, NY 40N53-72W38 rl-Red Lion (York), PA (WINB) 39N54'22"-76W34'56" rs-Los Angeles / Rancho Simi, CA (KVOH) 34N15'23"-118W38'29" sc-KEBR Sacramento, CA 38N27'46"-121W07'49" se-Seattle, WA 48N07'32"-122W15'02" sf-San Francisco Radio; one of: dx; HWA-m; ALS-ba; THA-hy v-Vado, NM (KJES) 32N08'02"-106W35'24" vs-Vashon Island, WA 47N22'15"-122W29'16" wc-"West Coast" Beale AFB Marysville, CA 39N08-121W26 wg-WGM Fort Lauderdale, FL 26N34-80W05 wx-WHX Hillsboro, WV 38N16'07"-80W16'07" xx-Unknown site UZB: Tashkent 41N13-69E09 except: a-Tashkent Airport 41N16-69E17 ta-Tashkent I/II 41N19-69E15 VEN: t-El Tigre 08N53-64W16 y-YVTO Caracas 10N30'13"-66W55'44" VTN: b-Buon Me Thuot, Daclac 12N38-108E01 bt-Ben Thuy 18N39-105E42 cm-Ca Mau 09N10-105E09 ct-Can Tho 10N02-105E47 db-Dien Bien 21N22-103E00 dn-Da Nang 16N03-105E15 hc-Ho Chi Minh City 10N45-106E40 hg-Hon Gai (Ha Long) 20N58-107E03 hp-Hai Phong 20N52-106E40 hu-Hue 16N28-107E35 kg-Kien Giang 09N49-105E07 L-Son La 21N20-103E55 m-Hanoi-Metri 21N00-105E47 mc-Mong Cai 21N32-107E58 nt-Nha Trang 12N15-109E12 pr-Phan Rang 11N34-108E59 pt-Phan Tiet 10N59-108E16 py-Phu Yen 13N07-109E17 qp-Qui Phong 13N45-109E13 s-Hanoi-Sontay 21N12-105E22 t-Thoi Long / Thoi Hung 10N07-105E34 vt-Vung Tau 10N21-107E05 x-Xuan Mai 20N43-105E33 xx-Secret service site VUT: Empten Lagoon 17S45-168E22 XUU: Unknown site YEM: a-Al Hiswah/Aden 12N50-45E02 s-Sanaa 15N22-44E11 ZMB: L-Lusaka 15S30-28E15 m-Makeni Ranch 15S32-28E00 ZWE: Gweru/Guinea Fowl 19S26-29E51 US Air Force Messages: Sites are ALS-e, ASC, AZR-lj, BIO, G-ct, GUM-an, HWA-hi, I-si, J-yo, PTR-s, USA-a, USA-of, USA-wc